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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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Baltimore 
Boor 



FIFTH EDITION 



V HA 1*1.1* V 





FLAG OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE 



J 



Baltimore was one of the first cities to adopt 
a municipal flag. The idea had its inception 
with Mayor Preston early in 1914, and a Com- 
mission was appointed pursuant to an ordinance 
approved July 10, 1914. 

The Flag Commission, composed of Mayor 
James H. Preston, President ex officio; Judge 
Henry Stockbridge, chairman; Mrs. Hester 
Dorsey Richardson, historian; Wilbur F. 
Coyle, City Librarian; Carroll Lucas, artist, 
formulated a set of rules governing the sub- 
mission of designs and offered a prize for the 
one selected. This Commission, with the Art 
Commission acting in an advisory capacity, 
finally authorized Hans Schuler to plan a flag, 
which design was formally adopted by ordi- 
nance February 11, 1915. 



The 

Baltimore Book 



A RESUME OF THE 
COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND 
FINANCIAL RESOURCES, MUNICI- 
PAL ACTIVITIES AND GENERAL 
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY OF 
BALTIMORE 



'Published by 

THE MUNICIPALITY 


f 


(Fifth Edition) 










Issued at the Instance of 

HON. JAMES H. PRESTON, Mayor 

by 
WILBUR F. COYLE, City Librarian 






PRESS OF 

1EYER ft THALHEIMER 

BALTIMORE. MD. 



©CU481853 
JUL 12 1916 



COPYRIGHT, 1916 

BY THE 

IAVOR AND CITY COUNCIL 

OF BA LTIMORE 





, ..... —*«*. *-i i ' iim T J-lJ-l 










"lalttmorr, Wut Ualtutuitt" 

(The Municipal Anthem) 

Baltimore, where Carroll flourished, 

And the fame of Calvert grew! 
Here the old defenders conquered 

As their valiant swords they drew 
Here the starry banner glistened 

In the sunshine of the sea, 
In that dawn of golden vision 
That awoke the song of Key: 

Here rre hearts lhat beat forever 

For the city we adore; 
Here the love of men and brothers — 
Baltimore, our Baltimore! 

Here the clipper ships of story 

Brought the cargoes cf their day, 
From the ports of seven oceans 

Homing white-winged up the bay. 
Here immortal Poe illumined 
Living letters with his lyre; 
Here Lanier's uplifting measures 
Taught the world a fresh desire: 

Here the tradesman and the statesman. 

Here the gallant hearts of yore, 
Came to build a beauteous city — 
Baltimore, our Baltimore! 

Here the charm of parks and gardens; 

Here the spirit of the home; 
Here the music of the morning 
In the wind across the foam. 
Here the teacher and the prophet, 
Here the sermon and the song, 
Keep the higher beauty burning 
And the nobler purpose strong: 

Here the church and here the temple 

Teach our hearts their hallowed lore; 
Here hath Science wed wilh Healing — 
Baltimore, our Baltimore! 

God of grace, thou great Jehovah, 

Make us grateful, keep us true. 
That these gifts of light and leading 

May enchain our hearts to you; 
That in clearer vision growing 

Men may follow si ill the gleam, 
As a righteous city blossoms 
In the golden years of dream: 

Here where Art and Learning beckon, 

Justice pleads for rich and poor, 
God to guide, and man to worship — 
Baltimore, our Baltimore! 

— Folger McKinsey. 



THE MUNICIPAL ANTHEM, "BALTIMORE, OUR 
BALTIMORE" 

June 29, 1915, circular letters were sent out at Mayor 
James H. Preston's request setting forth an offer of $250 in 
gold for the best original poem on Baltimore suitable for a 
musical adaptation. Another prize of like amount was offered 
for the best musical setting for the poem selected. 

The Judges on the poem were : Virginia Woodward Cloud, 
Author; John C. French, Associate Professor of English at 
Johns Hopkins University; Robert M. Gray, Professor of 
English at Goucher College; Wilbur F. Smith, President of 
the Baltimore City College; Edward Lucas White, Author. 
The rules of the competition for the poem were announced on 
June 15, 1915. The prize was awarded to Folger McKinsey 
on September 28, 1915. 

Harold Randolph, Director of the Peabody Conservatory 
of Music; Henrietta Baker Low, former Supervisor of Music in 
the Baltimore Public Schools; John Itzel, Composer and Con- 
ductor, were the Judges on musical composition. Rules of the 
musical competition were announced by the Judges on Decem- 
ber 1 , 1915. The prize was awarded to Emma Hemberger on 
January 5, 1916. 

Thus a page in the patriotic as well as the municipal history \/ 
of the City was written on February 22, 1916, when the Mu- 
nicipal Anthem was given its first public presentation. Three 
hundred young women from the high schools and the United 
Singers of Baltimore took part in the singing of the Baltimore 
Song, which followed the presentation by the Mayor of a 
prize to Folger McKinsey, known as "The Bentztown Bard," 
writer of the winning poem, and a similar prize to Emma 
Hemberger for the best musical setting of the poem. One of 
the first cities to adopt a municipal flag, Baltimore was the 
first City to adopt a municipal anthem, which attracted national 
attention. Words and music were selected separately by literary 
and musical committees of acknowledged ability and impartial 
judgment. None of the Judges knew the identity of the win- 
ning candidates until final judgment had been pronounced. 
Both competitions were nationwide, and poems and musical 
settings were received from every State in the Union. 




HON. JAMES H. PRESTON 
Mayor of Baltimore 



EXPLANATORY 

HIS book is written in response to the demand 
1^ for accurate information concerning Baltimore, its 
}§ resources, its general development, and its munici- 
|S §S£ l3l pal activities. 

The Baltimore Book is published by the Municipality. It 
has no private purpose to serve. It deals primarily with the 
Baltimore of TODAY. 

Baltimore reveres her traditions, is proud of her history, 
glories in her honored past, but Baltimore, rich in all these 
priceless blessings, has been very practical and has given much 
thought, much aggressive energy, to the solution of the material 
problems that confront her as an important member of the 
Great Family of American Municipalities. 

What Baltimore is and what Baltimore is doing are herein 
presented as eloquent and convincing facts. The case is rested 
without argument. 

The development of Baltimore along industrial, commercial, 
governmental, financial and all civic lines, during recent years, 
has been extraordinary. Imagination plays no part in that 
statement. 

Baltimore, as far as the memory of man runneth, has always 
been big. It started with all the natural prerequisites of a great 
city. But Baltimore is not only big. It is bigger than ever; 
not only bigger, but better. This is not a vain boast. A few 
cities are bigger than Baltimore; find a better one. Baltimore 
has been bountifully endowed by nature, and nature is being 
assisted by those most skilled in civic development. The fol- 
lowing pages will tell how. That is the STORY. 




CITY GOVERNMENT OF BALTIMORE 
WHAT IT IS DOING 



A resume of great projects under way: The $23,000,000 Sewerage 
System; Repaving the City; Civic Center; Colossal Municipal 
Docks; Factory Site Commission; Splendid Parks; Sanitary Regu- 
lations; Health, Fire and Police Departments; Public Schools; 
Free Baths, etc. 



C f 



i£^s) HE Municipal Government of Baltimore is alert, 
5f§} creative and constructive. It is not sufficient to 
say that the administration is in sympathy with 
{j2x^===^~^ the great forward movement in this City. It 
is an inspiring part of the movement. Loyally supported and 
encouraged by citizens in all walks of life, it is engaged in a 
systematic scheme of modernization and beautincation, and is 
pursuing a masterful constructive policy. It is a policy that 
does not balk at obstacles. An obstacle is something to be 
overcome; that's all. 

Since 1 904, when the heart of Baltimore was burned out r 
when smoldering ashes and hideous debris stretched over 1 40 
acres, Baltimore has been building, and building big. The 
great disaster was turned into opportunity. The loss, approxi- 
mately $125,000,000, was a staggering blow. No effort is 
made to minimize this fact, but it was a blow that awoke the 
fighting spirit. It was not a knockout. 

At this crisis, what did the City Government do? 



TI-H— BALTIMORE BOOK 



It refused all outside aid; declined it courteously and with 
grateful thanks, for stricken Baltimore was very grateful. It 
wasn't false pride that impelled Robert M. McLane, then 
Mayor, to take this stand. He voiced the sentiment of the 
community when he notified the world that Baltimore would 
take care of its own, and would rebuild through its own effort. 
Before he could get this on the wires $60,000 had actually 
been received, and "draw on us" telegrams brought the amount 
up to $200,000. Every cent went back, but the generous 
sentiment which prompted the givers will always be treasured. 
The whole world seemed eager to hasten to the aid of Balti- 
more. Hundreds of sympathetic messages were received. 

Some months prior to the 1 904 fire, the City had sold its 
interest in the Western Maryland Railway for $8,751,000. 
Upward of $4,500,000 of this fund was immediately used for 
public improvements and the rehabilitation of the burned area. 

A Burnt District Commission was created by an Act of the 
Legislature, which was then in session. The Commission widened 
streets; it reduced grades. Baltimoreans built; they built wisely 
and built well. Old picturesque Baltimore had been partly 
wiped out by the fire, but before the flames were extinguished at 
one end of the destroyed district a new Baltimore was springing 
up at the other. Those who saw the City in the throes of 
devastation wonder at the metamorphosis presented today. It 
is simply marvelous. Following the work of the Burnt District 
Commission other millions were spent according to a definite 
plan of City development. So much for the past. 

What is the City Government doing today? 

It has just built the finest sanitary Sewerage System in the 
world, expending about $23,000,000 for this purpose. 

It has spent $9,500,000 on its magnificent Municipal docks, 
which includes a combined commercial and recreation pier. 

It has constructed a broad street (Key Highway) parallel- 
ing the south side of the harbor for several miles. 



13 




O c 

a. « 



TMt^ BALTIMORE BOOK 

It is grappling the paving problem, and a Commission is 
now engaged in a general repaying plan for the entire City. ' 
The Commission has a working capital of $5,000,000. This 
will be increased by means of the paving tax to $10,000,000. 

Since 1912, 113 miles have been repaved with improved / 
material. The highways are being paved under a general plan. 
It is the aim of the administration to make Baltimore second 
to none in this particular branch of civic development. The 
latest standard specifications are followed and four pavements 
— namely, Granite Block, Vitrified Block, Sheet Asphalt and 
Wood Block — are being used. 

Aside from the above-mentioned $10,000,000, an addi- 
tional $4,500,000 are being spent on street improvement in 
the "Annex" (northern and western extremities). 

Seventy-three miles (based upon a width of 30 feet be- 
tween curbs) have been paved in this particular section during 
the last few years. These streets, with those within the older 
parts of the City repaved in accordance with the general plan of 
1910 referred to, total 186 miles paved or repaved — and the 
work is still being pushed forward with great energy. 

For the enlargement of Baltimore's water supply, $5 ,000,000 
were expended in erecting a large storage reservoir at Loch 
Raven, also a filtration plant (the second largest in size in 
the United States) and covered storage reservoirs near Lake 
Montebello. 

A high-pressure water pipe line through the business section 
was laid at a cost of $1,000,000. This is a very important 
addition to Baltimore's fire-fighting equipment, and materially 
reduces the cost of fire insurance. 

Baltimore has also recently spent thousands of dollars on 
the Fire Department, for motor apparatus and new buildings. 
This exclusive of the sum annually appropriated for mainte- 
nance. 



15 



THt^ BALTIMORE' BOOK 



By means of an electric conduit system, overhead telephone, 
telegraph and electric wires have been placed underground ; 
nearly $5,000,000 have been spent for this purpose. 

There are hundreds of other things which the City Govern- 
ment is doing. In matters of Municipal routine it is kept right 
to the notch. Departments are "keyed up" as are those of 
great private enterprises, and the whole organization is work- 
ing in systematic harmony. Baltimore is not only enjoying a 
business administration, but a progressive business administration. 

The following pages will describe concisely some of the 
projects in which it is engaged. 




Boat Lake—'Druld Hill Vark 



17 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



A GREAT SEWERAGE SYSTEM 

Baltimore spent $23,000,000 on its Sewerage System. The 
work was begun in 1 905 and practically completed in 1916. 
The City is now equipped with what has been declared the 
most modern plant in the world. The system represents the 
most advanced ideas in the solution of this great Municipal 
problem. 

It is impossible to realize the magnitude of the work or the 
diversified engineering problems that were solved every day 
during the construction of the work, covering about 750 miles 
of sewers and storm-water drains. It is a big task well done. 

The requirement of the Legislative Act, that all sewage must ■ 
be purified before being discharged, made it necessary to keep 
the storm-water separate from the sanitary sewage, allowing the 
former to discharge through its own system of drains into the 
nearest natural outlet. The sanitary sewage is carried to the 
disposal plant and purified. The sewage then, by bacterial 
treatment, becomes about 95 per cent. pure. 

Two-thirds of the sanitary sewage of the City flows by 
gravity to the disposal plant on Back River, about six miles 
from Baltimore. The other third is pumped through huge iron 
force-mains to the outfall sewer, an elevation of 72 feet, from 
which point it also flows by gravity to the disposal plant. The 
pumping station building is equipped with three engines, each 
having a pumping capacity of 27,500,000 gallons a day. The 
station will house five of these enormous pumps, the additional 
two to be installed later. 

The difficulties of the work were doubled because of the 
necessity of constructing two systems of sewers — sanitary and -^ 
storm-water — which cross and recross each other in thousands 
of places. In some cases two large sewers of the different 
systems come together on the same level, which required the 
siphoning of one beneath the other. In one instance this re- 



19 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

suited in the construction of one of the largest siphons in the 
world. 

The purified sewage, discharged from the disposal plant, in 
flowing to its outlet, operates turbines. These run dynamos, 
which produce current for lighting the plant at practically no 
cost. The solid matter is sold for fertilizer, producing a hand- 
some revenue to the City. 




Baltimore's Water Supply — Mt. Royal Pumping Station 



21 




£5 

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PS I 

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U, v. 



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THl^ BALTIMORE" BOOK 



BALTIMORE'S WATER SUPPLY 

The Water Department of the City of Baltimore has in- 
vested about $25,000,000 in its water-works system, which 
includes a filtration plant, reservoirs, pumping station, conduits 
and mains. 

The new impounding reservoir constructed across the 
Gunpowder River at Loch Raven has a capacity of about 
2,000,000,000 gallons, and, with the abandonment of Jones 
Falls, comprises the entire water supply for the City. The aver- 
age daily flow of the Gunpowder River is about 270,000,000 
gallons, from a watershed of approximately 300 square miles. 

The water from the impounding reservoir at Loch Raven 
is conducted directly through a reinforced conduit to the Monte- 
bello Filters on the Hillen road. This new filtration plant, 
completed in August of 1915 at a cost of $1,700,000, is of 
the mechanical or rapid sand type and represents the latest con- 
struction of its kind. It is one of the finest in the United States 
and produces water in quality equal to that of any large munici- 
pality in the world. 

The filtration plant consists of 32 filter units, each having a 
rate of 4,000,000 gallons per day. This gives the plant a full 
capacity of 1 28,000,000 gallons, which will in all probability 
accommodate the water consumption of the City of Baltimore 
in 1940. 

The water from the filtration plant is distributed to three 
services of distribution. The Low Service is a direct gravity 
supply, while the Middle and High Services are pumping 
services. 

The entire City is now supplied directly from the under- 
ground plant and from covered reservoirs and standpipes, which 
further insure the quality and purity of the water supply. 



23 




TUtzr BALTIMORE BOOK 



CIVIC CENTER — JONES FALLS AND KEY 
HIGHWAYS 

65GDQM HOSE charged with the administration of the 
S§§> City Government have given much thought to 
the future. What is done is done on a large 
f^^==^*M scale. Every succeeding day finds the City a 
bigger, better, busier Baltimore, and improvements are made 
with a comprehensive idea of the demands of the future. They 
are, as nearly as human calculation can make them, for all 
time. 

The development now going on is in accordance with a pre- 
conceived plan of city building. One of the most important 
features in the City betterment plan was the covering of the 
stream (Jones Falls) which formerly flowed in an open channel 
through the center of the City. The flow is now through three 
concrete tubes, consisting in part of the largest drainage tunnel 
in the world. 

The top of these conduits and tunnel is now a highway of 
a minimum width of 75 feet. This drive provides a direct 
highway on an easy grade running diagonally across the City 
from the docks to the railroad terminals. This great improve- 
ment is a part of an elaborate and connected scheme of future 
development, an important feature of which is a Civic Center to 
the east of the City Hall. To the west, forming a part of the 
general plan, are the Postomce and Baltimore's three-million- 
dollar Courthouse. 

Another project of importance which the City has success- 
fully consummated is the construction of Key Highway, a wide 
thoroughfare extending from Light street, along or very near 
the waterfront, to Fort McHenry — a distance of several miles. 



25 




Q u. 
Z » 

< g 




TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



This highway, named for Francis Scott Key, author of 
"The Star-Spangled Banner," opens up a splendid avenue of 
approach to the southern side of Baltimore's extensive harbor. 
A Municipal Railway System of switches and tracks, on the 
Key Highway, places all plants and piers in direct touch with 
railroad lines entering Baltimore. 







The Visla — Druid Hill "Park 



11 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE'S MUNICIPAL DOCKS 

The Municipal docks of Baltimore are not mere ornaments. 
They are not solely colossal specimens of engineering skill. / 
They are for use. When the City put acres of land under 
water and spent millions of dollars, its object was, and is, to 
provide the best maritime terminals that could be built. These 
docks are leased to responsible parties for 36 cents a square 
foot per year. Those who have not seen the great marine 
stations have little idea of their magnitude, and it is important 
to remember that they are not a private monopoly, and are not 
controlled by private parties to selfish ends. The City of Balti- 
more OWNS them and throws them open to the commerce of 
the world. Those who would enter the shipping business here 
have the first and most vexatious problem, namely, terminal 
facilities, solved in advance. Magnificent docks are available. 

Prior to the fire of 1 904 the City owned little wharf prop- 
erty of importance. The fire made it possible to acquire all 
of the burned district fronting on the harbor. The City pur- 
chased the property, removed all buildings, streets, etc., and 
laid out a system of public wharves and docks along Pratt, 
President and Albemarle streets. The piers are situated in 
the upper harbor and are intended for the coastwise and bay 
trade. The transatlantic steamers, at present, find ample ac- 
commodations at the railroad piers in the lower harbor. 

Along Market Place the City has erected three handsome, 
commodious buildings, a fish market and wholesale markers all 
within a stone's throw of Pier 4, which is set apart for the use 
of the market boats. 

A two-story recreation pier at the foot of Broadway was 
completed early in 1914. The lower floor of this structure is j 
used for commercial purposes ; the upper section for a recreation 
center. 



29 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

MUNICIPAL FACTORY SITE COMMISSION 

GJGDM HE City Government has a specially organized 

y^JL<3£§) department that handles all industrial problems. 
W(^Kji)Sjr^ It is a public agency created for the purpose of 
0^2^^^~| promoting any movement that has for its end the 
development or enlargement of Baltimore's industrial activities. 

It is a department of the City Government; supported by 
the City Government. There are no charges, costs nor fees 
connected with its work. 

Any service performed by the department or any information 
given by the department is absolutely free of any financial 
burden to the person who seeks its aid or takes advantage of its 
co-operation. 

If you want to know anything about the business possibili- 
ties of Baltimore; if you want to get in touch with the City's 
financial interests; if you want to know what factory sites are 
in the market; in fact, if you want to know anything at all 
about any phase of the industrial affairs of the City or any of 
the problems incident thereto — communicate with the Municipal 
Factory Site Commission, City Hall. 

You will find it ready to give help in any particular or in 
any direction whatsoever. 

The Commission is organized on a basis that puts it in touch 
with all the different business interests in Baltimore. 

It is composed of a member of the Chamber of Commerce; 
a member of the Merchants and Manufacturers' Association; a 
member of the Travelers and Merchants' Association ; a mem- 
ber of the Old Town Merchants and Manufacturers' Associa- 
tion; a member of the Federation of Labor; a member of the 
Builders' Exchange; a member of the Real Estate Exchange; 
a representative of the Pennsylvania Railroad; a representative 
of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; a representative of the 
Western MaryWnd Railroad. 



31 




TH& BALTIMORE; BOOK 



The Commission has a finely-developed system under which 
a wide range of factory sites is listed. Real estate dealers, as 
well as prospective manufacturers, are constantly referring to 
the Commission's list whenever they have inquiries for industrial 
property. 

The City itself controls about one hundred and seventy acres 
of waterfront territory with direct railroad connections. 

The Commission is in touch with a combination of magnifi- 
cent buildings which have been converted into "beehive in- 
dustrial colonies." All of the most modern appliances, power 
and other manufacturing advantages are readily available on 
attractive terms. These buildings are situated near the junction 
of two railroads. 

The Factory Site Commission will put anyone in touch with 
any of the above propositions. 

MUNICIPAL JOURNAL 

The City is issuing a semi-monthly publication known as 
the Municipal Journal. It is devoted to the exploitation 
of facts about the operations of the City Government, and 
through this agency the public, both at home and abroad, is 
kept in intimate touch with all the plans and achievements of 
the Municipal Government. The public is provided with fre- 
quent reports of all moneys collected and how the same is being 
spent. It is conducted in a manner intended to familiarize 
Baltimoreans with all the most important data about their City. 
Its columns are filled with exceedingly instructive matter which 
never finds its way into the columns of any other publication. 
It lays before its readers things that are planned to be done, 
as well as things that have actually been done, and has es- 
tablished itself as an institution of practical value to the com- 
munity, and the community is giving it cordial support. 



33 






THJ~ BALTIMORE' BOOK 



GOVERNMENT OF BALTIMORE 

The government of Baltimore is vested in the Mayor and 
City Council, the corporate entity. 

The Mayor, the Comptroller and City Council are elected by 
the people for a term of four years; so is also the President of 
the Second Branch City Council, who acts in the Mayor's stead 
when the latter is absent and who succeeds to the Mayoralty 
in event of a vacancy during an unexpired term. The Mayor 
appoints all heads of departments, boards, commissions, etc., 
subject to confirmation by the Second Branch. 

Baltimore is divided into 24 wards and four councilmanic 
districts. Each district is composed of six wards. Each ward 
has a representative in the First Branch and each district has 
two in the Second Branch. Including the President, there are 
nine members of the latter body. 

The Board of Estimates, composed of the Mayor, President 
of the Second Branch City Council, Comptroller, City Solicitor 
and Highways Engineer, is a co-ordinate body and passes on 
many measures in conjunction with the City Council, particu- 
larly those that relate to finances, granting of franchises and 
such. 

All contracts are let by the Board of Awards, the personnel 
of which is the same as the Board of Estimates, with the ex- 
ception that the City Register takes the place of the Highways 
Engineer. 




Harbor, North Side 



35 





SCENES IN DRUID HILL PARK 
Madison Ave. Entrance Columbus Monument and Lake Drive 



Boat Lake 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

PARKS OF BALTIMORE 

Ww^*&& ALTIMORE has a splendid system of parks. 
'^lli^R^ These are one of the features of the City. 'I he 
uJmG^Wi! reservat i° ns are > or "vvil 1 be, all connected; that 
^Z^= £ZZ2n£i i s » tne Y ma y be reached one from the other by 
especially constructed boulevards, the whole system being gener- 
ally referred to as "Baltimore's chain of parks." 

The City for years has been blessed with an abundance of 
park area, but very recently large sections of the suburbs, north 
and west, were acquired, which added many acres of beautiful 
and picturesque territory. In making these purchases, Balti- 
more looked far into the future. 

The topography of the country in some instances is almost 
mountainous, with beautiful streams winding in and out, the 
scene retaining much of its natural environment. 

Druid Hill is Baltimore's largest park. It is famous, for 
among the parks of the country it is unequalled in natural 
beauty. It was purchased in 1 860, and has an area of nearly 
700 acres. 

The rugged scenery of Gwynn's Falls Park, through which 
flows the stream Gwynn's Falls, at times rushing like a torrent, 
arises to challenge Druid Hill's claim to pre-eminent beauty. 
Here nature's handiwork is sublime. 

As has been stated, the scheme of park development em- 
braces, as one of its important features, broad boulevards, 
which represent the most advanced ideas and skill in highway 
construction. 

The parks play an important part in City life, and in their 
administration and management are kept "abreast of the times." 
Many have swimming pools, which are enjoyed by thousands, 
and from which graduate each year scores of youthful expert 
swimmers. There are playgrounds for the tots, and these 
especial reservations are under the direction of the Playground 



37 




SCENES IN BALTIMORE'S MAGNIFICENT PARKS 

The Old John's Hopkins Mansion, Clifton Park View in Riverside Park 

Swimming Pool in Patterson Park View in Carroll Park 






THE- BALTIMORE- BOOK 

Association, which has professional instructors or teachers in 
attendance. All the parks are supplied with baseball grounds, 
tennis courts and other facilities for healthy sport. 

The parks are not supported by direct taxation, but from 
the receipts of the street railways, 9 per cent, of the gross 
receipts being devoted to this purpose. The fund thus raised, 
which is increasing yearly at the rate of 6 per cent., cannot be 
diverted from the parks. 

This amounts to approximately $500,000 annually, which, 
with other sources of revenue, brings the total available for 
park purposes to $510,000 as a yearly income, exclusive of 
any loan for park improvement and enlargement. 

The parks and squares of Baltimore are as follows: 

Acquired. Acreage. 

Mt. Vernon Squares (2) 1815 1.4 

Washington Place Squares (2) 1815 .9 

Eastern City Spring Square 1818 1.3 

Patterson Park 1827 132.8 

Franklin Square 1839 2.3 

Jackson Square 1844 .6 

Union Square 1847 2.0 

Broadway Squares (19) 1851 6.9 

Ashland Square 1851 .01 

Madison Square 1 853 3.4 

Eutaw Place Squares (9) 1853 5.6 

Lafayette Square 1 859 2.9 

Druid Hill Park 1860 674.61 

Park Place Squares (7) 1860 1.7 

Riverside Park 1862 1 7.9 

Fulton Avenue Squares (17) 1866 3.2 

Harlem Park 1869 8.3 

Wilkens Avenue Squares (7) 1870 I.I 

Perkins Spring Square 1873 1.5 

Mt. Royal Squares (7) 1874 2 

Johnston Square 1877 2.5 

Federal Hill Park 1879 9.9 

Collington Square I860 5.7 

Liberty Triangle 1880 .02 

Taney Place Squares (2^ 1881 .8 

Mt. Royal Terraces (3) 1884 2.0 

Carroll Park 1890 176.74 

Bolton Park (Mt. Royal Station) 1891 3.52 

Frick Triangle 1892 .05 

39 



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<:,V ■. ' -•'';. <>-- ■/,•„■:<< 

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* 


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TH& BAL/TIIMORLEr BOOK 



PARKS — Continued. Acquired. Acreage. 

Brewer Square 1 892 .39 

Bo-Lin Square 1893 .23 

Maple Place 1893 .07 

Clifton Park 1895 316.4 

Linden Avenue Triangle 1895 .01 

Green Spring Avenue 1896 20.5 

Callow Triangle 1898 .03 

Gwynn's Falls Park 1902 351.70 

Latrobe Park 1902 13.80 

Swann Park 1902 11.31 

Wyman Park 1903 135.54 

Fifth Regiment Armory 1904 .25 

City College Lot 1904 .14 

Riggs Triangle 1905 .02 

Venable Park 1907 50.23 

Ashburton Park (including Reservoir) 1907 92.65 

Herring Run Park 1908 180.79 

Charles Street Boulevard 1908 2.87 

Philadelphia Road Triangle 1910 1.0 

Easterwood Park 191 1 6.8 

Mondawmin Squares 191 1 .26 

Fort McHenry Reservation 1914 49.6 

Total Park Acreage 2,306.24 




Baltimore's Water Supply— Loch Raoen Reservoir 



41 



THfr BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE A HEALTHY CITY 

g-:*jP>vgp ALTIMORE is naturally a healthy City, but 
i?J.AiyIjp^y= nature has an ally in the form of a Department 
u/pSP&Mu °^ health, which does very effective work and 
l^—^ ^^^;: has attained most successful results. This De- 
partment wages its warfare with thoroughly modern and scien- 
tific methods. With the combination — nature, vigilance and 
science — enlisted on the side of health, pestilence and epidemic 
are practically unknown. To fight against the importation 
of disease there are very strict regulations. The Quarantine 
Station, connected with the Health Department, is some distance 
from the City, and all incoming vessels are boarded and must 
be given a clean bill of health by a medical officer representing 
the Municipality before they are allowed to proceed. 

Exceptional measures to combat tuberculosis are applied, 
and a corps of vigilant nurses is constantly working throughout 
the City with this object in view. These efforts have been 
crowned with the most gratifying results. In fact, the State, 
City and private organizations are rendering splendid service 
in the prevention of tuberculosis. There is in operation a 
Municipal hospital (Sydenham) for the treatment of infectious 
diseases. Exceptionally effective laws are enforced in the in- 
terest of sanitation. Inspectors pass upon edibles offered for 
sale to determine whether they are fit for consumption. If not, 
they are destroyed summarily. There is also a regulation which 
prescribes the quality of milk that may be sold, and inspectors 
with facilities for making tests are constantly at work. 



43 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

BALTIMORE HOSPITALS 

The hospitals of Baltimore are by no means the least of 
its features. The City has developed into a mecca to which 
persons requiring the most scientific treatment come in search 
of cure, and thousands from afar are entered as patients yearly. 
Some of the most distinguished men and women of the country 
have come to Baltimore in search of health, and have gone 
away singing praises of Baltimore hospitals. The City is 
very proud of its development and equipment in this respect, 
for to be a leader in the world's work for humanity is a very 
enviable reputation to enjoy. 

The great Johns Hopkins Hospital is a Baltimore institu- 
tion. It is known all over civilization and has an unexcelled 
record of accomplishments. This establishment has many de- 
partments, one of the most recent of which is The Henry 
Phipps Psychiatric Clinic; for the erection and endowment of 
the building Mr. Henry PhipDS donated nearly one million 
dollars. The purpose of this clinic is primarily for the study 
of nervous and mental diseases and affords exceptional oppor- 
tunities for scientific treatment of these cases. Its laboratories 
are equipped with every modern appliance known to medical 
science. 

As stated elsewhere, Baltimore makes especial effort to com- 
bat tuberculosis, and several large State and City sanatoriums 
are devoted to this purpose. Sydenham Hospital, supported 
by the City and under the direction of the Commissioner of 
Health, treats infectious diseases exclusively. 

Some of the other leading hospitals are: 

Presbyterian Eye and Ear Infirmary, Hebrew Hospital, 

Maryland General Hospital, University of Maryland Hospital, 

Hahnemann General Hospital, Union Protestant Infirmary, 

Franklin Square Hospital, United States Marine Hospital, 

Church Home and Infirmary, Quarantine Hospital, 

Mercy Hospital, St. Joseph's Hospital, 

Hospital for Women of Maryland, St. Agnes' Hospital. 

45 





mkk i 




BALTIMORE'S PUBLIC BATHS 

A Typical Bathhouse The largest artificial Swimming Pool in the United States 

Patterson Park 






THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE PUBLIC BATHS 

The Public Baths of Baltimore represent one of the chief 
agencies in the City for the promotion of health and cleanli- 
ness. The system provides for cleansing baths, which are open 
all the year round in congested City districts, and recreative 
swimming pools, open during the summer. 

There are six indoor cleansing baths, which contain 225 
cabins and accommodate 700,000 patrons annually, erected 
at a cost of $200,000. 

There are also three recreative swimming baths in parks and 
on the riverfront, which have 400,000 patrons annually. Three 
portable baths (which scheme originated in Baltimore) are 
small houses carried from one street corner to another in 
crowded sections. They afford hot and cold water shower 
baths to over 60,000 persons yearly. 

Two recreative centers in public parks are also equipped 
with shower and swimming baths. The one at Patterson Park 
has the largest artificial swimming pool in the United States. 
A concrete swimming pool, 3 3-10 acres in extent, has been 
completed in Clifton Park and greatly adds to the City's bath- 
ing facilities. 

The annual net cost to the City for maintenance of the 
entire Public Bath System is about $60,000. 




Lake Monlebetlo — IValer Supply 

47 




m"£ 



TH& BALTIMORE' BOOK 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS 

In providing educational facilities for children, most liberal 
provision is made, and a compulsory educational law is strictly 
enforced. The schools are of exceptionally high standard. 
There are kindergartens for the very young. Night schools 
for those who have advanced in years, but not correspondingly 
in scholastic attainment. A summer vacation school and a 
vocational school are a part of the system. The course of 
public school training terminates with graduation from the City 
College, Polytechnic Institute or the Girls' High Schools. 

Teachers entering the educational service are not only re- 
quired to be proficient along general lines, but they must take 
a two-year course of training in the Teachers' Training School. 

There were 1 00, 1 29 pupils and 2, 1 63 teachers during the 
last scholastic year. There are 1 48 schools of all kinds. 




Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Druid Hill "Park 



49 




BALTIMORE CITY COLLEGE 




EASTERN FEMALE HIGH SCHOOL 



THt^ BALTIMORe BOOK 

POLICE DEPARTMENT 

The Police Department of Baltimore consists of 1,150 per- 
sons, all told, from Commissioners down. The department, 
though supported by the City of Baltimore, is under the direc- 
tion of a board appointed by the Governor of the State. 

Police headquarters are at the Courthouse. Here the Police 
Board, the Marshal and the detectives are located. 

"Traffic officers" are stationed at all points where traffic is 
congested. Their duty is to "keep things moving." These 
officers have large powers. They may summarily arrest any 
who show a disposition not to obey to the letter the very exact- 
ing traffic laws. The officer keeps vehicles and cars "on the 
move" or stops them by means of semaphores. In this way the 
problem is solved to the best advantage. The immovable 
"jam" that once occurred on down-town streets is now absent. 
Cars, great motor vans, automobiles and the collection of 
miscellaneous vehicles that crowd the thoroughfares pass along 
without confusion and unnecessary delay. 

Aside from the traffic squad and main body of the force, 
there are mounted police, motorcycle and bicycle men and 
automobile patrol wagons; a harbor patrol, which uses a 
steamer and a gasoline launch. 




Fort Mc Henry 



51 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 
FIRE DEPARTMENT 

Baltimore's Fire Department has been officially declared by- 
experts to be one of the most thorough in the United States. 
It has all known mechanical devices for fighting fires. 

The high-pressure pipe line, which has been extended over 
an area of 1 70 acres in the business district (completed 1912), 
is the latest device and the most modern auxiliary of the fire- 
fighting establishment of the City. 

The pipe line system consists of three powerful pumps, which 
force water through large pipes at tremendous pressure. These 
pipes are, of course, all underground, but are tapped at inter- 
vals of 1 70 feet and connected with hydrants that bring the 
water to the surface. The hydrants, which are depressed be- 
low the sidewalk and protected by covers that can be easily 
removed, are systematically placed through the "down-town" 
district. There are at present 226 hydrants, and the number 
will be increased as the system is extended. Water, under 
great pressure, may be thrown in or against a building by 
means of various nozzle devices connected directly to the 
hydrants or with hose especially adapted to pipe line service. 

Baltimore has spent $1,000,000 on its pipe line. Insurance 
rates in the area protected by the service have been greatly 
reduced. 

The personnel of the Fire Department is of the highest type. 
Recruits must pass an examination, mental and physical, before 
entering, and the training which they subsequently receive makes 
them exceptionally fit for their exacting duties. 

The department consists of 40 hose and engine companies, 
19 hook-and-ladders, two fireboats, two water towers, two 
automobile hose companies for high-pressure pipe line service, 
automobiles for the chief, deputy and district chiefs. The force 
numbers 862 men. Automobile apparatus has practically re- 
placed horses in the department. 

An interesting feature in connection with the signal system is 
a portable telephone which may be connected to the fire alarm 
boxes to establish communication with headquarters. Each 
company carries one of these portable telephones. 

53 



THe BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE'S WIRES UNDERGROUND 

In maintaining its own electrical conduit system, Baltimore 
stands unique as being the first American City of importance 
to provide underground accommodation for wires and cables 
transmitting all classes of electrical energy. 

About 75 per cent, of the area of the City is served by the 
Municipal system, and the work of laying extensions to the 
more remote sections is progressing rapidly. Loans amounting 
to $5,000,000 have been authorized for the construction of 
this system. 

By virtue of certain Legislative enactment, it is made manda- 
tory on the part of wire-operating corporations and individuals 
to remove, upon notice of the completion of the system in 
various given districts, their poles and overhead wires and, in 
substitution therefor, to install cables in the conduits. The 
electric light and power, telephone and telegraph companies, 
realizing the advantages to be derived in the way of greater 
protection and more facile access to their equipment, heartily 
co-operate with the City authorities in the prosecution of the 
work. Furthermore, the Municipal ownership of the system 
insures a uniform and reasonable rate of rental for the under- 
ground space thus provided. 




Patapsco River — Quarantine 

55 




SECTION OF BALTIMORE'S $11,000,000 DOCK SYSTEM 
Chesapeake Bay Market Boats Lumber Pier Steamships unloading fruits 




THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 

(Industrial Section) 

INDUSTRIAL ADVANTAGES OF BALTIMORE 

ilFSttif! MANUFACTURER must have facilities for 
assembling raw material at his plant. He must 
have facilities for getting a finished product on 
the market, and he must have a MARKET. 

Baltimore furnishes these accessories. 

First — The City has splendid railroad service in all direc- 
tions. It offers transportation facilities by water that are un- 
excelled. It is a great seaport, foreign and coastwise. It also 
utilizes the great Chesapeake Bay and its numerous tributaries, 
thus connecting with scores of towns and landings, penetrating 
far into Maryland and Virginia. 

Second — Baltimore is the natural feeder of its immediate 
vicinity in all directions. It has at home about 700,000 persons 
for whom it must provide; but it has other natural markets — 
that tremendous area to the North, South, Southwest and 
West. The South is Baltimore's undisputed sphere of indus- 
trial and commercial influence. 

Third — No Chinese Wall, in the form of excessive freight 
rates, separates the manufacturer from his market. Baltimore 
enjoys lower rates than other cities, as the table of comparative 
rates, given elsewhere in this book, will show. 

Fourth — The manufacturer in Baltimore is not harassed by 
labor troubles. 

Fifth— Manufacturing implements — machinery, apparatus, 
mechanxal tools actually employed in the manufacture of 
articles of commerce — are not (upon application) taxed in 
Baltimore for City or State purposes. 

Sixth — Insurance rates on manufacturing and mercantile 
establishments in Baltimore are lower relatively than in other 
cities. 

Seventh — Power, fuel and light are cheap. Wheels turn 
more economically in Baltimore than anywhere else. 

57 





O E 
V B 
(0 "o 



-a e 

1'i 

v CO 



THEr BALTIMORE- BOOK 

BALTIMORE'S TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL 
ORGANIZATIONS 

The business associations of Baltimore, particularly the large 
central bodies, are important elements in the City's commercial 
and industrial life. There are a number of such organizations 
united in one Common Center called the Board of Trade, 
which exert a tremendous influence. Though they have their 
respective spheres, they are bound by ties of business and social 
relationship. By cohesive action and unity of purpose, they 
have time and again made their influence felt to the mutual 
benefit of the City and the thousands who maintain business 
relations with it. Through them the business interests of Balti- 
more operate upon an organized and systematized basis. The 
good effect is not merely local, for Baltimore is the great com- 
mercial and industrial headquarters of thousands of miles of 
territory. 

Organization and combined force have not only helped those 
who trade in Baltimore, but are largely responsible for placing 
the City in the front rank of the great commercial centers of 
the country. 

The usefulness of these associations is not confined to the 
avenues of trade. They have been aggressively active in the 
many successful projects for the proper civic development of 
Baltimore, and are vital forces in the City's welfare. 




Fire Boat "'Deluge" 



59 




SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRIES 

Drydoclc Dewey Magnetic Cranes General View, Md. Steel Co.'s Plant 

A Baltimore Built Ship 




BALTIMORE'S GREAT INDUSTRIES 



MANY ENTERPRISES FLOURISH IN THIS 
INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT 



Baltimore leads in Canning and Preserving; Millions worth of Fertilizer 
shipped; the great Straw Hat Industry; foremost Clothing Manu- 
facturing Center; Copper Refining; large Cotton Duck Plants; 
Steel Rails; Shipbuilding Interests, etc.; cheap Light and Fuel; no 
Labor Troubles. 

!?S^gg CCORDING to the United States Census of 
1914, there were then within the City limits of 
Baltimore (31 7^3 square miles)over 2,500 manu- 
facturing establishments, employing 84,924 wage- 
earners, who are paid annually $48,978,000. The annual 
value of their output is $2 1 5, 1 72,000. The capital represented 
by these enterprises amounted to $177,301,000, not including 
the value of rented buildings. The Baltimore Industrial District 
(the City and its contiguous area) produces annually manu- 
factured products to the value of $353,319,000. This makes 
Baltimore one of the foremost industrial centers of the United 
States. 







61 




BALTIMORE'S PICTURESQUE HARBOR 
Chesapeake Bay Pungies Unloading tropical fruits Immigrants disembarking 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

Leads in Canning and Preserving 

Baltimore ranks first among the cities of the United States in 
the canning and preserving industry, which employs thousands 
of workers. Its annual product is valued at millions of dollars. 

Manufacture of Clothing 
In the manufacture of clothing, Baltimore occupies a leading 
position, the value of this product (U. S. Census, 1910) 
amounting to $41,000,000 annually. This industry employs 
24,000 persons. Most of this clothing is of the higher grades. 
There are 324 establishments, some of them the largest in the 
world. 

Neckwear 
The manufacture of neckwear (Industrial Survey of Balti- 
more, report of 1914) has reached large proportions. Balti- 
more ranks second in the production of this article. 

Ships Most Fertilizer 
More fertilizer is shipped from Baltimore than from the 
combined manufacturing plants of any other State. 

The Great Straw Hat Industry 

The straw hat industry is represented by establishments em- 
ploying thousands of hands, producing millions of dollars' 
worth of goods yearly. 

Copper 

The copper smelting and refining works and copper-smithing 
in Baltimore represent for plants an investment of $20,000,000. 
Baltimore has the largest copper refin.ng plant in America. 

Baltimore's industrial activity extends to so many branches 
that it is impossible to discourse specifically upon all, but the 
following are some of the chief enterprises, in many of which 
the City leads, and in all occupies a foremost position as a 
producer : 

63 



T H tr ti A LT I 1M O RlCt BOOK 



IRON AND STEEL 

FERTILIZER 

STRAW HATS 

CLOTHING 

CANDY 

COPPER 

CANS 

SOAP 
FLAVORING EXTRACTS 

SHOES 
BOTTLE STOPPERS 

OYSTER INDUSTRY 

COTTON DUCK 

MEDICINES 

GAS ENGINES 

UMBRELLAS 

STEEL RAILS 

DRUGS, SPICES, TEAS, COFFEE ROASTING 

CANVAS AND LEATHER BELTING 

SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING 

SASHES, DOORS, BLINDS, LUMBER 

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING 

FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS 

BREAD AND BAKERIES 

FURNITURE 

CAR BUILDING 

GAS RANGES, WATER HEATERS AND GAS METERS 
GLASSWARE, BOTTLES AND WINDOW GLASS 

STOVES, RANGES AND PLUMBERS' SUPPLIES 
CANNING AND PRESERVING VEGETABLES 

MACHINERY AND MACHINISTS' SUPPLIES 
TOBACCO (CIGARS AND CIGARETTES) 
CHEMICALS, MEDICINAL SUPPLIES 
SHIRTS, OVERALLS, ETC. 
NECKWEAR 



65 




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TM& BALTIMORE BOOK 



ELECTRIC POWER FROM THE SUSQUEHANNA 

HERE has been developed for Baltimore a 
\S tremendous source of electric energy. Across 
■)§ the Susquehanna River, at McCall Ferry, is one 
(j_$ ^==g ^gjl of the longest dams in the world, exceeded only 
by such dams as at Keokuk, Iowa, on the Mississippi River, 
and at Assouan, on the Nile. Behind this barrier, which is 
half a mile long, 55 feet high and 65 feet thick, the Susque- 
hanna River forms a lake eight miles in length. 

Their foundations resting on the bed rock of the river, the 
power-house and dam contain 300,000 cubic yards of con- 
crete. The power-house provides space for ten units, with a 
total maximum capacity of 135,000 horse-power. 

From McCall Ferry, in a straight line, the steel towers and 
the aluminum cables of the transmission line stretch to Balti- 
more, 40 miles away, where the harnessed river drives the 
wheels of the City's industries and lights the homes and streets. 

Independent steam generating stations, storage batteries and 
an unexcelled distribution system assure adequate, efficient, 
never-failing service. Baltimore offers the manufacturer cheap 
electric power in abundance. The rates for electric power in 
Baltimore are the lowest on the Atlantic Seaboard. 

The harnessed river furnishes the power necessary to propel 
the street cars of the extensive transit system of Baltimore and 
its suburbs. Power from the Susquehanna moves the trains in 
the Belt Line Tunnel of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 
beneath the City of Baltimore, one of the earliest electrically- 
operated tunnels in the world. The entire power requirements 
of the Maryland Electric Railways Company, which operates 
the converted steam road connecting Baltimore with Annapolis, 
come from the same source. 

Abundant power at low rates, with an efficient and compre- 
hensive service, gives Baltimore a tremendous advantage, which 
no manufacturer can afford to overlook. 

67 




PLAY-GROUND SCENES 

Recreation centers have a telling influence on city life 



THCr BALTIMORE BOOK 

NO LABOR TROUBLES 

Baltimore rarely has labor troubles. After the great fire, 
the City was rebuilt without a single strike. Owing to 
conditions that obtain in no other large community, the capitalist 
and laborer maintain a status which enables them to operate to 
their mutual interest, and to the benefit of the whole industrial 
situation. 

Baltimore seems totally unaffected by those periodic gusts of 
labor agitation that sweep over one section of the country or 
another, unsettling conditions, causing industrial distress and 
financial loss. 

The City is exceptionally fortunate in this respect, primarily 
because of natural conditions. The working class is enabled to 
live well. The abundance of seasonable foodstuffs at reason- 
able prices, cheap rents, the opportunity to buy homes on the 
easiest terms, are elements which contribute to the contented 
condition of the laboring man. In Baltimore he gets the most 
out of life for himself and his family. The average laborer 
owns his home. Tenements are practically unknown. Then 
there is plenty of work and plenty of workmen. 

Industrial tranquillity usually lasts the year round. 



„ . , , - 




Jl Bee Hive of Industry 



69 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 

BALTIMORE'S FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 

Few cities enjoy the enviable reputation of Baltimore for 
sound financial methods, or have a larger number of success- 
fully conducted banks and trust companies. Baltimore is noted 
for its excellent banking facilities. 

There has not been a bank failure in Baltimore for many 
3-ears, and the conflagration of 1 904, which caused a loss 
estimated at more than $100,000,000, resulted in no em- 
barrassment to the City's financial organizations, except that 
arising from the destruction of buildings. 

There is ample capital in Baltimore for legitimate enter- 
prises. It is not a City given to the encouragement of "wild- 
cat" schemes, but sound projects can find substantial backing. 

BONDING 

The first bonding or surety company was organized in Bal- 
timore. This City occupies a commanding position in this 
branch of finance. 

Millions of dollars are invested here in bonding enterprises. 
The assets of numerous companies total millions. They have 
branches practically all over the world; in fact, Baltimore is 
the bonding headquarters of the world. 

INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 

Baltimore has a series of modern "Industrial" or "Beehive" 
buildings, where heat, light, power and space in proportion to 
the large or small needs of any and all kinds of industries can 
be had on terms and conditions attractive even to infant enter- 
prises. This enables enterprises to be started without the usual 
capital outlay required for investment in land and building. It 
offers to local industries and to those outside the City, desiring 
to establish operations here, every essential factory requirement 
that can be obtained by the most successful manufacturers. 



71 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 

(Commercial Section) 

COMMERCE AND TRANSPORTATION 



A Splendid Harbor; Grain rapidly handled; low Freight Rates; 
Magnificent Piers; Steamship Lines; Great Railroads, with termi- 
nals at deep water, center in Baltimore; Colossal Municipal Piers; 
Great Jobbing Trade; Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxa- 
tion, etc. 

WwP^i^^ ^ reason °f ' ts geographical location, the City, 

W/S-^tH ^ rom l ' ie very ^ irst ^ ays °^ l ^ e "• ron ^° rse '" k e " 

\ JSr(?>)Wn came a railroad center. It has, also, always been 
[[l— _ -_^ ^JL\ one of the important seaports of the country. 

That Baltimore lived and flourished may be attributed to its 
natural maritime advantages. It early became a distributing 
point for merchandise that came over all seas and from all 
lands. It sent, and still sends, back ships burdened with 
products of every section of this country. 

Long before steam became the propelling force of commerce, 
Baltimore's supremacy was assured. The Baltimore clipper 
was famous ; it was sailing every sea and was seen in every port. 

The City has a largely-developed trade in every respect, 
particularly through the South. Being of the South, this seems 
natural, but Baltimore is not dependent upon sentiment alone. 

As the metropolis of the South, Baltimore is the natural 
source of supply of this section, and its trade throughout this 
vast country is large and ever-increasing. Nor is Baltimore's 
sphere of commercial influence confined to the great region 
south of the Mason and Dixon Line. Its merchants are invad- 
ing the North. They have captured a good percentage of 
trade of Pennsylvania and New York State, and are success- 
fully operating in the Ohio Valley. 

Baltimore is one of the foremost jobbing centers of the 
United States. 



73 



TH^ BALTIMORE ROOK 

THE HARBOR OF BALTIMORE 

Baltimore has a splendid harbor. The channel leading from 
Baltimore is 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide, and there is a 
project under way to deepen it to 40 feet and to make it 
1,000 feet wide. 

Baltimore is on the Patapsco River, a tributary of Chesa- 
peake Bay, and is about 150 nautical miles from the Atlantic 
Ocean as vessels travel. The harbor may be said to begin 
where the Patapsco and the bay meet, about 1 4 miles from 
the center of the City. 

There are 1 8 miles of dockage and waterfront within the 
contracted City limits, and many times that area in the im- 
mediate environs. 

Baltimore harbor, even within the City limits proper, can 
accommodate the largest vessels. Such, for instance, as liners 
of 20,000 tons displacement or more enter and leave Balti- 
more harbor. Baltimore has a busy waterfront. It is very 
picturesque and is a shelter for all manner of craft, from the 
ponderous Atlantic liner to the Chesapeake Bay oyster pungy. 




Typical Chesapeake Bay Steamer 



75 



TH&- BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE A GREAT GRAIN PORT 

Baltimore ranks second in American ports for exports of 
grain, and at times leads other ports in exports of corn and oats. 

At the railroad owned and operated elevators of the Balti- 
more and Ohio, Pennsylvania Railroad and Western Maryland 
Railway there are facilities for the prompt unloading and 
storage of rail-hauled grain, also for immediate transfer to 
ocean vessels lying in deep water alongside. 

All the export elevators are supplied with grain driers, so 
that the product that needs conditioning can be taken care of 
in a manner to avoid depreciation. Aside from the large ele- 
vators for ocean ships, the Baltimore and Ohio and Pennsyl- 
vania railroads have up-town elevators for domestic grain. 

The Western Maryland Railway recently completed a 
modern fireproof elevator to serve both domestic and export 
purposes and is now doubling its capacity. 

Baltimore Chamber of Commerce Weighing and Inspection 
Departments have highest standards and maintain them, thus 
giving satisfaction at home and abroad. 

The financial institutions of Baltimore render excellent service 
in supplying funds for the handling of these exports. Foreign 
exchange to the extent of $50,000,000 per annum is created 
by our grain merchants. 




One of Baltimore's Great Grain Elevators 

77 




nd is having direct 
rried through Balti- 



BALTIMORE AND THE PANAMA CANAL 

The Panama Canal is having a direct and far-reaching in- 
ence upon Baltimore. 
Why? 

Almost every page of this book contributes to the answer. 
Itimore. to begin with, is on an almost direct line with 
the west coast of South America, and is nearer the Canal than 
any other of the large cities of the Atlantic Coast. 

These important facts are very comprehensively shown on 
the accompanying map. 

With that rugged barrier, the Isthmus of Panama, no longer 
barring the way, the great west coast opens up untold and 
culable opportunities for commerce, 
ut why Baltimore? 
Because trade, like almost everything, follows the course 
of least resistance. It traverses natural lanes if it can, and 
the thing that makes a lane natural or unnatural is largely 
geographical position. 

ore's position is splendid. 
se of this, the Canal has had 
upon this City. 
South American trade comes to or is c 
;, because it benefits those who take advantage of the oppor- 
tunity the City offers. Baltimore does not expect people to 
bring their business here for its enrichment. The point is, they 
benefit and enrich themselves by so doing. 
Look at the situation. 

The Baltimore Book is laden with facts that bear out 
the assumption that Baltimore is a natural trade route from 
Panama and is destined to become a great distributing depot 
for transcanal trade. Lower freight rates than enjoyed by any 
other city of the Atlantic Coast will draw merchandise here 
from an extensive area of the United States, and just here an 
important combination is effected. 

Low freight rates, a shorter land and sea distance. Hence 
the natural lane; the course of least resistance. No obstacles 
in the guise of excessive rates to, or from, the western and 
northwestern sections of the United States, and a short voyage 
to the Canal. 

There are many other considerations, all arguments in favor 
of Baltimore. 

Its splendid harbor. Covered wharves, from which ships 
lying in deep water alongside may be loaded ; devices for the 
rapid handling of bulk cargoes, including coal. 

Three great trunk line railway systems connect Baltimore 
with the rich mining and agricultural regions of the West. 
Baltimore lies nearer these regions, let it be repeated, than any 
other large city of the Atlantic Coast. 

Then there will always be return cargoes for ships — a most 
important consideration. 

The vessel that comes here with the forest products of the 
North Pacific Coast, fruits or vegetables from California, bulk 
commodities from Central or South America, goes forth again 
freighted with coal, manufactured products of iron and steel, 
machinery, paints and mixed merchandise, for Baltimore is very 
the producing regions of these commodities. 
Central and South American countries require railroad 
equipment. Their agricultural and industrial development de- 
pends upon such. These countries want machinery of all 
sorts, clothing, hats, etc., and Baltimore stands ready to supply 
needs, for it is in the manufacture of these articles that it 
pies a commanding position. 
Truly, there is no need for apprehension concerning return 
cargoes. 

With great railroad piers, open and covered; with storage 
es; with a great Municipal pier system, which is being 
extended ; with shorter rail haul to Northern and Western cities 
and manufacturing districts than is enjoyed by other Atlantic 
ports; with the activities of the City Administration earnestly 
employed in the development of these facilities; with these and 
the multiplicity of other advantages set forth in The BALTI- 
MORE Book, who can successfully dispute that commerce with 
the West Coast via the Panama Canal will be greatly stimu- 
lated and developed. It is gaining impetus. Baltimore has 
a splendid plant, which is being utilized to the mutual ad- 
vantage of the City and commercial interests. 



.. ,,.< , 









• * ; 



.■■■ ' VvViA 



/COMPARATIVE freight rate tables and mile- 
^-' age schedule, which shows conclusively the 
great advantage enjoyed by Baltimore, because of 
its geographical location. These were compiled from 
information furnished by Mr. Herbert Sheridan, 
Traffic Manager of the Chamber of Commerce, whose 
courteous assistance is gratefully acknowledged- 



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84 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 
SPLENDID RAILROAD TERMINAL FACILITIES 

i^'vpis^^^: ALTIMORE is the local and reshipping market 
"^HL^c^I ^ or ^ e ^ sn ' °y s ' :er anc ^ crab supplies of the fertile 
l/J5rn>)M]\ waters °f tne Chesapeake Bay and tributary rivers 

The railroads — Baltimore and Ohio, Pennsylvania and 
Western Maryland — have carfloats, large docks with ware- 
houses, cranes and facilities for receiving, storing and shipping 
all kinds of raw material and manufactured articles. Lighterage 
companies have a multiplicity of tugs, scows and lighters, ex- 
pediting commerce of the port, which is rapidly growing. 

The Baltimore and Ohio system has domestic and export 
elevators, hay sheds, terminals and storage warehouses, coal 
piers, and maintains general offices in Baltimore. The Balti- 
more and Ohio freight yards are extensive and reach all por- 
tions of the City. About 1 0,000 employees are located in 
Baltimore. The yearly Baltimore pay roll of this company 
is $6,900,000. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad system has division offices in 
Baltimore and extensive terminals. The company's export and 
domestic elevators, hay sheds and many terminal and storage 
warehouses are of the usual high type, and a new passenger 
station facilitates travel. 

The Western Maryland Railway, like the other railroads 
above named, has freight terminals in the business district and 
storage warehouses at convenient locations. In addition, docks, 
grain elevator, coal piers and warehouses on the waterfront 
give it opportunities for prompt handling of export, import and 
domestic shipments. 

The co-operation between the Western Maryland and New 
York Central lines through the extension from Cumberland to 
Connellsville, and connection with the Pittsburgh and Lake 
Erie Railroad, greatly benefits Baltimore, since new tonnage is 



85 




NEW UNION STATION, PENNA. R. R. 




MT. ROYAL STATION, B. & O. R. R. 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK "l( 



handled between Baltimore and the West under attractive 
conditions. 

The Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad, operating be- 
tween Baltimore and York, Pa. (77 miles), has a large dairy 
and slate, as well as suburban passenger business. 

The Canton Railroad is a terminal railroad of Baltimore, 
offering connecting line switching service on advantageous terms 
to industries located on the extensive waterfront property of the 
Canton Company. This is an industrial company offering 
exceptional opportunities to factories. 

PLANTS AND MACHINERY THAT ARE EXEMPT 
FROM TAXATION 

Mechanical tools, implements, machinery and manufacturing 
apparatus actually employed in the manufacture of articles of 
commerce in Baltimore are exempt from City and State taxes, 
provided application be made annually before a specified time. 

Following is a table cf exemptions from 1896 to 1915: 

1896 $3,405,055 

1897 4,695,518 

1898 4,829,912 

1899 4,178,945 

1900 5,593,270 

1901 4,671,730 

1902 4,875,396 

1903 5,734,446 

1904 6,203,784 

1905 6, i 77,262 

1906 7,527,328 

1907 8,067,442 

1908 8,842,573 

1909 8,868,644 

1910 9,434,978 

1911 9,829,312 

1912 10,406,817 

1913 11,415,810 

1914 1 1,789,867 

1915 1 3,498,632 



87 



THf^ BALTIMORE BOOK 



COAL AND COKE 

The position Baltimore occupies in its ability to move, by 
rail and water, bituminous coal from the enormous deposits in 
Maryland and West Virginia gives the City a commanding 
position in the soft coal trade. 

Baltimore is very near these great deposits and in this and 
other respects is at a decided advantage, with particular refer- 
ence to its railroad terminals. 

The Baltimore and Ohio is increasing its facilities for hand- 
ling coastwise and export coal by building another huge coal 
pier, and the Pennsylvania Railroad is also constructing another 
colossal coal pier. 

The Western Maryland Railway's Port Covington coal 
terminal, like the others, is always a scene of shipping activity 
and thousands of tons are put aboard vessels annually. 

The United States Collier "Newton" took on 7,500 tons of 
coal in three hours and forty-five minutes at the Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad pier. This is a sample of rapid loading. 

The short haul from the coke ovens to Baltimore and near- 
ness of limestone deposits makes this City an ideal place for the 
smelting of foreign ores. Steel, too, is manufactured and con- 
verted into railroad and building supplies under advantageous 
conditions, to be later sent by water at low cost to home or 
foreign ports. 




Picturesque Lazaretto Light, at the Entrance of Baltimore Harlor 



m 



THt^ BALTIMORE BOOK 



STEAMSHIP LINES 

(These lines run under normal conditions. It is understood, of course, 
that the whole maritime world has been disorganized by the European 
War, and the Port of Baltimore with all others has been affected.) 

Baltimore, being one of the great ports of the Atlantic Coast, 
is in constant commercial intercourse with all parts of the world. 
There is a score or more lines of steamships engaged regu- 
larly in foreign trade, and they are represented by a multiplicity 
of vessels. 

Foreign steamship lines having regular sailings, under normal 
conditions, from Baltimore are: 
To— 

Aberdeen, Scotland — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, 
Scotland. 

Amsterdam, Holland — Holland-America Line. 

Antwerp, Belgium — Red Star Line. 

Belfast, Ireland — Lord Line. 

Bremen, Germany — North German Lloyd. 

Christiania, Norway 1 

Copenhagen, Denmark j Scandinavian-America Line. 

Dublin, Ireland — Lord Line. 

Dundee, Scotland — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, 

Scotland. 
Emden, Germany — North German Lloyd Line. 
Glasgow, Scotland — Donaldson Line. 
Hamburg, Germany — Hamburg- American Line. 
Havana, Cuba — Munson Line. 
Havre, France — Atlantic Transport Line. 
Leith, Scotland — -Furness Line. 
Liverpool, England — Johnston Line. 
London, England — Atlantic Transport Line. 
Manchester, England — Furness-Johnston-Manchester. 
Newcastle, England — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, 

Scotland. 
Rotterdam, Holland — Holland-America Line. 

91 



THE: BALTIMORE BOOK 



Aside from the above, there are hundreds of steamships of 
the "tramp" or transient class, which are constantly arriving or 
leaving port; also that rapidly-vanishing class of vessels, the 
"square riggers." 

Steamships which regularly ply between Baltimore and 
Atlantic Coast ports are fitted for first-class passenger service, 
as well as freight. Commodious steamers leave daily, going 
north and south, carrying many passengers and tons of freight. 

It is estimated that 1 3,000 craft of all character sail be- 
tween Baltimore and points on Chesapeake Bay and its tribu- 
taries. These vessels traverse all navigable waters of Mary- 
land and Virginia, touching at the larger cities and numerous 
obscure landings. Bay steamers, as a rule, are large and 
modern, having excellent passenger accommodations. The 
oyster pungy, other small sailing craft and a multitude of 
power boats carry much of Baltimore's Chesapeake Bay com- 
merce. 




Qreat Grain Elevators of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 



93 




A GLIMPSE OF THE SUBURBS 

The country is very picturesque and offers limitless opportunities for splendid 
development 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 

(Domestic Section) 

LIVING CONDITIONS 



Baltimore a City of Owned Homes; Reasonable Food Prices; Cheap 
Rents and Fine Markets; Excellent Street Car Service; Excep- 
tionally Good Climate; Oysters, Crabs and all Edibles in Abund- 
ance; Baltimore offers a Great Opportunity to "Live Well.' 



S§§§ T has been stated that Baltimore is a City of 
homes. It is more than this. Baltimore is a City 




of OWNED homes. Houses of any class may be 
^j§§ purchased upon terms that place OWNERSHIP 
within reach of the most humble wage-earner. 

The report of the British Board of Trade, which some years 
ago made an exhaustive inquiry into the cost of living in 
American cities, lends force to this statement. It says: 

"House ownership among the working classes of Baltimore 
has made great progress, and among American cities Baltimore 
claims to take a leading place in this respect. The singb 
family dwellings enjoy an absolute predominance in Baltimore. 

"The number of building loan societies is very large, some 
200 having meeting places in the City. The future owner 
(purchaser) must, as a rule, provide about one-third of the 
proposed cost of the dwelling, and the society advances the 
balance and issues shares to the same amounts, upon which 
interest of 6 per cent, is charged until they are paid up; but 
in the meantime the borrower is entitled to dividends upon these 
shares." 

Although this report, as stated, is not a recent document, 
nevertheless the situation concerning Baltimore, as it impressed 
the foreign investigators, is not only interesting, but highly im- 
portant. It gives one an opportunity to see Baltimore "as 
others see it." 



45 




SUBURBS OF BALTIMORE 

Well paved streets and boulevards, flanked by stately mansions 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

Baltimore is described as a "City of practically no tene- 
ments,'' as the tenement evil is understood in connection with 
other cities, and the report is authority for the statement, which 
is an established fact, that a house in Baltimore can be rented 
for about one-half a similar house in a like neighborhood can 
be rented for in New York. 

Baltimoreans, at least, know how to live. Of the 1 15,795 
private dwellings (apartment houses not included) in the 
City, about 55 per cent, are two stories in height, modern in 
every detail, and are usually very attractive. Many of the 
latest styles are "detached," have ornamental bay windows, 
and each, by law, must be provided with a bathtub and the 
best sanitary appliances. 

A real home in Baltimore is within reach of all. And this 
home is on a good street, in a respectable neighborhood. Balti- 
moreans are not stowed away in the uppermost stories of un- 
healthy, insanitary tenement houses, with dubious and doubtful 
associates under the same roof, and in an atmosphere of social, 
physical and moral impurity. 

Baltimore has many stately mansions amid the environment 
of wealth and dignity, which are very impressive, but the thou- 
sands of small dwellings, sheltering thousands of contented 
families, each dweller in his or her own "castle," offer a 
splendid object-lesson. 

The excellent system of street car lines enables a person to 
reach any part of Baltimore for a 5-cent fare, which also in- 
cludes one free transfer. This is a great boon to the wage- 
earner who desires to live in the open, away from the office, 
factory or workshop. 



97 




BALTIMORE MARKETS 

Three views of Lexington Market, possibly the most famous in the country 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 
BALTIMORE MARKETS 

The habit of "going to market" is so fixed a custom, and so 
generally pract ;ed as a part of the domestic routine by the 
Baltimore housekeeper, that markets are supported and flourish 
as they do nowhere else. Moreover, the markets, on market 
days, are one of the sights of the City. Few strangers come to 
Baltimore who do not join the picturesque throng at one of 
these centers. To see these markets in "full blast" is indeed in- 
teresting. Not only the markets themselves, but all approaches 
for squares take on the market environment. Along the streets 
are hundreds of wagons, converted into stalls, and scores of 
improvised shops line the curb; the flower-girl, the ubiquitous 
faker, the country folk, the thrifty housewife, making her dis- 
criminating purchases, is a spectacle well worth witnessing. 

Lexington Market is the most noted and is, possibly, without 
a serious rival in the country. It is very central, being con- 
tiguous to, in fact within, the retail shopping district. It is 
three squares long, but the market's "sphere of influence" ex- 
tends for squares in all directions. 

All markets are owned and under the control of the Mu- 
nicipality. 

Centre Market, built after the fire of February, 1904, on 
the site of Marsh Market, which was destroyed, is a splendid 
modern structure. It cost $500,650 and the buildings extend 
from Baltimore to Pratt street, three blocks. There are two 
great halls over the northern (Baltimore street) end, which are 
used by the night classes of the Maryland Institute. Twelve 
hundred pupils may be comfortably accommodated here. 
There is also another large hall above the produce section, 
which will seat 2,500 persons. The wholesale and retail fish 
market, connected with the Centre, has been pronounced the 
most complete in the world. 

The Baltimore markets are: Belair, Canton, Centre, Cross 
Street, Fells Point, Hanover, Hollins, Lafayette, Lexington, 
Northeast, Richmond. 

99 





BALTIMORE'S FOOD SUPPLY 

Produce and Fish Markets 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



A NOTED FOOD SUPPLY CENTER 



L§W!!"SPP ALTIMORE'S markets are a success because 
"<t\ LMj^^^^: of the great variety and character of the food- 
li/7mOdM)) s * u ^ s on sa ' e - The investigators for the British 
UL—^^ --^-^;; Board of Trade who some years ago made a 
study of living conditions in American cities, were struck by this 
advantage, and in their report said: 

"Baltimore is a noted food supply center — fruits, vegetables, 
dairy products, poultry and meat are produced in the fertile 
districts of the State of Maryland, and the shores of the Chesa- 
peake are especially favorable for those branches of agriculture. 
The City is remarkable among the large cities of the United 
States for the abundance and varied character of its retail 
markets. In the principal districts of the City are covered 
markets, where all kinds of meat, vegetables, fruit, butter and 
eggs are on sale." 

The report also refers to the extensive patronage enjoyed 
by the markets, and the great number of butcher stalls receive 
particular mention. 

Baltimore is singularly fortunate as to food supply, as the 
British report says. Things regarded as luxuries elsewhere are 
here matters of every-day commonplace diet. The City being 
situated within two hours' ride of the mountains, and at the very 
door of a great trucking region (the adjacent counties of Mary- 
land), has a wonderful advantage. The great Chesapeake Bay 
and the Patapsco River yield up an enormous supply of crabs, 
oysters and fish. Several lines of steamers bring tropical fruits 
in abundance. Maryland is the home of the terrapin and the 
canvas-back, and Baltimore is the gastronomic center, where 
these delicacies are prepared and where they are consumed in 
large quantities. 

Baltimore offers the best of foodstuffs in abundance; its 
markets bulge with the products of the season ; reasonable prices 
make it possible for those of limited income to enjoy the benefits 
of these exceptional advantages, facts that contribute to Balti- 
more's reputation as an exceptionally desirable place of residence. 



101 




WASHINGTON MONUMENT AND VICINITY 

This is the first monument erected to George Washington 




TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 

Population; Baltimore a leading Educational Center; Aquatic Sports; 
Theatres; Hotels; Churches; Monuments; Climate; Points of Interest; 
Chronological History from 1608 to 1916. 

VERY unique situation is presented in connection 
with the enumeration of the population of Balti- 
more. According to the United States Census 
Report for 1910, its population within the City- 
limits was then 558,485; while its population, including those 
persons who reside just beyond the City limits, was 647,884. 
Each of these totals has, of course, increased since that time 
(1910), but as they are the latest United States Census figures, 
they are used. 

Baltimore's unusual condition was of sufficient import to call 
from Director Durand of the Census a special report (August, 
1911). In this he refers to the distinction to be made in favor 
of Baltimore when comparing the population of cities. The 
numerical peculiarity concerning Baltimore's population arises 
from the fact that its corporate limits have not been extended 
correspondingly as the City's inhabitants have multiplied. 

The census reports show that Baltimore is the most densely 
populated City in the country, but that thousands of Balti- 
moreans who live "just over the line" are not listed as residents. 
At the same time they are not divided from the corporate limits 
by squares of unimproved lots, but live on well-paved streets, 
in "built-up" sections, which, in some instances, extend a mile 
beyond the present limits. 

According to the United States Census of 1910, 90,000 
persons (since greatly increased) thus outside the technical 
bounds of 31 7^ square miles are so essentially a part of Balti- 
more in their business and social relations that they should be 
included when a comparison of cities is made. 



103 



THB BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE AN EDUCATIONAL CENTER 

Baltimore, as a center of learning, is proud of one of the 
leading institutions of the world — the Johns Hopkins Univer- 
sity. This is the foremost institution in the United States de- 
voted to research work. 

The great Johns Hopkins Hospital, with its Medical School 
and other educational features, is unequaled by any similar 
organization. It, too, is world famous. 

The Goucher College of Baltimore, formerly the Woman's 
College, has a fixed place among the advanced educational 
institutions of the country. 

The City also boasts of the Peabody Institute, which con- 
sists of an art gallery, a library and a conservatory of music 
which is iecognized as one of the leading schools of music in the 
country; the Maryland Institute of Art and Design, the Walters 
Art Gallery, which is far-famed; the Enoch Pratt Free Library, 
with its multiplicity of branches; the Maryland University, with 
its various departments of learning, and a score of other institu- 
tions devoted to culture and intellectual pursuits. Aside from 
these, there are the Baltimore public schools, With their several 
colleges. These are referred to at length elsewhere. 

There are many medical colleges in Baltimore, as well as 
others devoted to law. The City, in fact, may be aptly de- 
scribed as a "College Town." Thousands of students, repre- 
senting not only this but almost every country of the civilized 
world, have received and are receiving their education in Balti- 
more, which occupies a commanding position in the arts, sciences 
and culture generally. 

For the study of painting, music and sculpture, Baltimore 
offers unexcelled opportunities, and large numbers of pupHs 
from various sections are taking advantage of these. 

The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery is the oldest 
college of its kind in the world. 



105 




THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND 




PEABODY INSTITUTE 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA 

Baltimore is written in bold type on the musical map. As 
a result of a movement begun by Mayor James H. Preston 
in 1915, and consummated in 1916, Baltimore is the only 
City in the country that has established and maintains ex- 
clusively a real Symphony Orchestra under patronage and 
support of the Municipal Government. The orchestra is com- 
posed of sixty musicians under the conductorship of Gustav 
Strube, who has long been known as a conductor and composer 
of commanding gifts. Concerts are given monthly, when soloists 
of international reputation are heard. One of the interesting 
facts about the orchestra is the way it is used educationally. 
The final rehearsal before each concert is given before the stu- 
dents of one or another of the City high schools; and a short 
explanatory address on the program and composers, made by 
some well-known local musician, precedes the rehearsal. 

That the Municipal authorities realize that a city is very 
definitely measured these days by its attitude toward the fine 
arts is shown by the large appropriations they have made to 
further the cause of art. 

The size and character of the audiences at the symphony 
concerts prove convincingly that the Municipal movement, 
which has made possible the establishing and maintaining of 
the organization, is emphatically approved by the general public, 
for at every concert the demand for tickets has been so great 
as to make it necessary to carry a standing line in the news- 
paper advertisements: "All Seats Sold." 



107 




c <J 




THt7 BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE'S FINE CONVENTION HALLS 

itltf^W'tl ^<H N inviting conventions to Baltimore, the City feels 
, 1/ ' it has something very attractive and advantageous 
f^^ to offer in the way of halls. Baltimore's claim 
2^H to superiority in this respect is put forth without 
the slightest misgiving, for the City is equipped with halls that 
will meet the requirements of any convention, be the demand 
large or small. 

Persons who have attended conventions realize how im- 
portant it is that commodious, sanitary, well-lighted and well- 
aired buildings be provided, and it is just such that Baltimore 
places at the disposal of its guests. 

Conventions assemble primarily to transact important busi- 
ness. Delegates may be compelled to practically live in the 
convention hall for days. If this room is ill-conditioned, badly 
lighted, crowded or poorly equipped, delegates suffer accord- 
ingly. The deliberations become an ordeal, and the meeting 
•that was anticipated with so much pleasure resolves itself into 
a disappointment. 

Baltimore has solved this problem by having State and 
Municipal owned halls, which are maintained largely for con- 
vention purposes. 

The great Fifth Regiment Armory is one of these. It 
was here the National Democratic Convention, that nominated 
President Wilson, met. Thousands attended each session, but 
the colossal structure was equal to the extraordinary demands 
of the occasion. The armory, as stated, was planned for con- 
ventions as well as for military purposes. It cost $450,000. 
It is 290 by 360 feet and has a main room of 200 by 300 
feet. This space is unobstructed by columns and the hall can, 
without discomfort to the occupants, seat 1 6,000 persons. The 
gallery will seat 4,000 additional, and around the main audi- 



109 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

torium are a multiplicity of committee rooms, capable of accom- 
modating several thousand persons. 

Holliday Street Theatre, owned by the City, is another of 
Baltimore's convention halls. This will house gatherings that 
demand a seating capacity of about 2,000. 

Aside from the buildings mentioned, all the hotels in Balti- 
more have halls especially for smaller conventions. 

There is also the Lyric, a big auditorium, and a variety of 
other places. 




On a Cruise down the Broad Chesapeake 



Visitors should not miss the chance to take a trip on the bay, sniff the 
salt air, and come back feeling "fine." Many boats of the character shown 
daily ply the Patapsco River and bay, leaving Light Street or Pratt Street 
Wharves. 




TYPES OF HOTELS 

Baltimore hotels are modern and commodious. The 
fortably and hospitably house thousands of visitors, 
and service excellent. 



City is equipped to corn- 
Hotel rates are moderate 



Belvedere — Charles and Chase Sts. 
Emerson — Baltimore and Calvert Sts. 



Stafford — Charles and Madison Sts. 
Rennert — Liberty and Saratoga Sts. 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE'S EXCELLENT CLIMATE 

Baltimore has an excellent climate. The City is so situated 
that it does not experience the extremes of weather. It is free 
from the rigors of the North and yet it is not inflicted with the 
continued enervating heat of the South. The changing seasons 
are one of the delights of the locality. There is no monotony; 
no prolonged hot, dry spell to face in summer and no long, 
dreary, severe winter, with its accompanying hardships. The 
winters are short, being relieved by beautiful spring and fall 
conditions. The rainfall is well distributed throughout the 
year and destructive storms are practically unknown. 

Baltimore is, likewise, free from all other elemental disturb- 
ances, which, in some sections, are a source of constant unrest, 
if not actual peril. 



AMPLE HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS 

Baltimore has splendid hotels. In this respect it is abreast 
of any city of the country of its size, and far ahead of the 
majority. 

Just at present it is better equipped than ever, owing to the 
recent establishment of several large hotels. These are great 
institutions, designed on a large scale, built on a large scale, 
and operated in accordance with advanced ideas and methods. 

There are scores of hotels, so the visitor will have no diffi- 
culty finding accommodations at reasonable rates. 

Baltimore as a "Convention City" has entertained thousands 
of visitors without inconvenience to guests, and it is now better 
prepared than ever to assume this agreeable responsibility. 



113 




BALTIMORE'S HOTELS-Continued 

Baltimore boasts a variety of types of hotels ; hence visitors are not restricted 
in their choice. 

Hotel Lexington — Lexington and 
Woodland Hall— Garrison Ave., Holliday Sts. 

Forest Park Hotel Joyce — Camden St., 

Mt. Holly Inn— Western suburb near Howard 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



AMUSEMENTS— AQUATIC SPORTS 

Miles of waterfront afford Baltimoreans unlimited oppor- 
tunities for aquatic sports. Yachting, boating, crabbing, fishing 
are pastimes within reach of the most humble. 

Any man may have his little power or sail boat, which at 
once extends his suzerainty, not only over the Patapsco River, 
but the great Chesapeake Bay. Here he may disport himself 
at will. Baltimore offers a great opportunity to the man with 
a boat. A race on the Patapsco, between the trained crews 
of rival clubs, is a sight never to be forgotten. 

The pleasure seeker, who disdains the lure of salt water and 
the thrills of the nibble, has a splendid collection of theatres, 
including grand opera, for Baltimore boasts of first-class, whole- 
some amusement features, where the cream of the passing show 
may be seen. 




The Shepherd and his Flock —Timid Hill "Park 



115 




SEVERAL OF BALTIMORE'S FINE THEATRES 

Visitors to Baltimore are assured in advance that they will see the best of 
"The Passing Show" under most pleasing conditions. 



Auditorium — Howard St., near Franklin 
Academy of Music — Howard St , near Franklin 



Ford's Opera House — 

Fayette St., near Eutaw 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 



BALTIMORE THEATRES 

Everything good in the theatrical line is to be seen in Balti- 
more. One may take one's choice from grand opera (in 
season) to first-class vaudeville. "The passing show" of the 
moment may be seen in any of its phases — opera, tragedy, 
comedy — one has but to choose. Moreover, these shows are 
seen under the most pleasing surroundings. The theatres of 
Baltimore are well worth while. They are all commodious; 
they are modern ; they are attractive. The Academy of Music, 
Ford's Grand Opera House, the Hippodrome, Maryland, 
Auditorium, the Garden, the Lyric (where the grand operas 
are sung) are right up to the mark, and there are many others 
that might be mentioned if space would permit. A multiplicity 
of moving-picture theatres, within easy distance of any point 
where conventions are likely to assemble, are not to be over- 
looked, so the visitor may feel assured that Baltimore under- 
stands and appreciates the efficacy of proper amusement and 
is amply prepared to meet the situation. 




Great Fiers of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 



BALTIMORE'S THEATRES-Continued 

The City's amusement "plant" is very extensive. One may choose any form of 
theatrical entertainment, from high- class vaudeville to grand opera. 

Lyric— Mt. Royal Ave. and Cathedral St. 
Maryland — Franklin St. Garden (interior view) — Lexington St. 

near Eutaw near Hark Ave. 

Hippodrome — Eutaw St., near Baltimore 



TH& BALTIMORB BOOK ( ( 



CONTIGUOUS POINTS OF INTEREST IN 
BALTIMORE 

(See classified list, pages 131 to 141.) 
NOTE — The places listed are approximately contiguous; that is, in 
order named, one is not far removed from another. Hence, it will be 
possible to "swing around the circle" by going from point to point, be- 
ginning at Washington Monument. 

Washington Monument (180 feet high) — The first monu- 
ment to George Washington. Charles and Monument streets 
(Mt. Vernon Place). 

In the immediate vicinity of the monument are: 

The Peabody Institute, school of music, art, library, statuary and paint- 
ings — Monument and Charles streets. 

Statues of: 

George Peabody — Mt. Vernon Place; Chief Justice Roger Brooke 
Taney, (general John Eager Howard — Washington Square (Charles 
and Madison street^ ; Severn Teackle Wallis — Washington Square 
(Charles street nc 1 i ~^itre street). 

Mt. Vernon Sn'. E. Church — Northeast corner Monument 
and Charles streets (Mt. Vernon Place). Attached to the 
wall of this building is a tablet bearing the following inscrip- 
tion: 

'Francis Scott Key, author of 'The Star-Spangled Banner,' departed 
this life on the site of this building, January 11, 1843." 

Walters Art Gallery — The finest private art collection in 
America. Northwest corner Charles and Centre streets. 

Unitarian Church — Magnificent speeimen of colonial archi- 
tecture. Northwest corner Charles and Franklin streets. 

Y. M. C. A. Building — Cathedral and Franklin streets. 

Calvert Hall — Southwest corner Cathedral and Mulberry 
streets. A tablet attached to the wall of this building marks 
the site of encampment of the army of Count de Rochambeau 
on its return from Yorktown. 

Roman Catholic Cathedral — Cathedral and Mulberry 
streets. 



119 



THE- BALTIMORE- BOOK 

Cardinal's Residence — Charles and Mulberry streets. 

Enoch Pratt Free Library — Main Building, Mulberry 
street, near Cathedral. 

The Johns Hopkins University Buildings — Howard street 
and Druid Hill avenue. 

Baltimore City College — Howard street, opposite Centre. 

Lee House — Residence of Gen. R. E. Lee (with United 
States Engineer Corps) during erection of Fort Carroll at 
entrance to Baltimore harbor. Madison avenue, near Biddle 
street. 

Fifth Regiment Armory — Baltimore's great convention hall. 
Hoffman and Bolton streets. 

Mt. Royal Station (B. & O. R. R.) — Cathedral street, 
Preston street and Mt. Royal avenue. 

Bryn Mawr School — Cathedral and Preston streets. 

Revolutionary War Monument — Mt. Royal avenue, Cathe- 
dral and Oliver streets. 

Union Station (Pennsylvania R. R.) — Charles street and 
Jones Falls. 

Polytechnic Institute — North avenue, from Calvert street 
to Guilford avenue. 

Goucher College, formerly "Woman's College" — St. Paul 
street, between Twenty-second and Twenty- fourth streets. 

Homewood Park — Johns Hopkins University. Charles 
street and University Parkway. 

Druid Hill Park — Six hundred and seventy-four acres, 
noted for its natural beauty. One of the finest parks in 
America. 

Soldiers and Sailors' Monument — Druid H!ll Park, be- 
tween Druid Lake and Mt. Royal Reservoir. 

Watson Monument — Mexican War shaft. Mt. Royal ave- 
nue and Lanvale street. 

Maryland Institute — School of art and design. Mt. Royal 
avenue and Lanvale street. 



121 




CALVERT STREET, NORTH FROM BALTIMORE STREET 
In the center is Battle Monument 



THtr BALT1MQR6- BOOK 

Confederate Monument — Mt. Royal avenue, near Lanvale 
street. 

Francis Scott Key Monument — Erected to author of "The 
Star-Spangled Banner." Lanvale and Eutaw streets. 

Oheb Shalom Synagogue — Eutaw Place and Lanvale street. 

Lexington Market — Baltimore's famous market. Lexington 
street, from Eutaw street to Pearl street. 

Edgar Allan Poe's Tomb — In Westminster Presbyterian 
Churchyard. Southeast corner Fayette and Greene streets. 

Fourth Regiment Armory — -Fayette street, near Paca. 

Maryland Workshop for the Blind — Southwest corner 
Fayette and Paca streets. 

Camden Station (B. & O. R. R.) — Camden and Eutaw 
streets. 

Mt. Clare Shops (B. & O. R. R.)— Where early loco- 
motives were built. Pratt street, from Poppleton street to 
Carey street. 

Carroll Park — With colonial mansion of Charles Carroll, 
barrister. Monroe street and Columbia avenue. 

Fort McHenry — During bombardment of which Francis 
Scott Key composed "The Star-Spangled Banner." 

Fort Carroll — Mid-stream at entrance of Baltimore harbor. 
Erected 1848-1852 under direction of Gen. R. E. Lee, then 
of United States Engineers. 

Piers at which large ocean steamers dock — Locust Point, 
near Fort McHenry. 

Riverside Park — Formerly Fort Covington, which pre- 
vented a land attack upon Fort McHenry during bombardment 
in 1814. Randall and Johnson streets. 

Federal Hill Park — Used as a fort during the Civil War. 
Hughes street and Battery avenue. 

Armistead Monument — To memory of Lieutenant-Colonel 
George Armistead, War of 1812-14. Federal Hill Park. 



123 



THEr BALTIMORE BOOK 



Key Highway — A recently opened commercial highway, 
from near Fort McHenry to the Lig!.t Street Wharves. 

Otterbein Church — The oldest church building in Baltimore 
City. 

Where the Fire of 1 904 started — Southeast corner German 
and Liberty streets. 

Congress Hall — A tablet on the wall, east side of Liberty 
street, south of Baltimore street, says: 

"On this site stood Old Congress Hall, in which the Continental Con- 
gress met December 20, I 776, and on December 27, 1 776, conferred upon 
General Washington extraordinary powers for the conduct of the Revolu- 
tionary War." 

Baltimore and Ohio Office Building — Main offices of the 
B. & O. R. R. Northwest corner Charles and Baltimore 
streets. 

On Lexington street, about 60 feet west of Charles street, 
is a tablet marking "Crooked lane," a part of the Great 
Eastern Highway between North and South in Revolutionary 
War days. 

Maryland Historical Society Building — Historical docu- 
ments, paintings, statuary, etc. Northwest corner St. Paul and 
Saratoga streets. 

Court House — One of the finest courthouse buildings in 
Amenca. Calvert and Lexington streets. 

Battle, or Baltimore, Monument — Erected in memory of 
soldiers who fell in defense of Baltimore during British attack, 
September 12-13, 1814. Calvert street, between Fayette 
and Lexington streets (Monument Square). 

Postoffice — Fayette and Calvert streets. 

City Hall — Fayette, North, Holliday and Lexington streets. 

Merchants' Club — German street, between Calvert and 
South streets. A tablet on the west wall says: 

"Upon this site stood, from 1774 to 1786, the Lovely Lane Meeting 
House, in which was organized (December, 1784) the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church in the United States of America." 



123 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 

A tablet on the wall of building on Pratt street, west of 
Light street, marks the site of the first railroad station of the 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and where the first electric tele- 
graph message, "What hath God wrought," was received. 
This tablet also marks the point of beginning of the first survey 
of Baltimore Town on January 12, 1 730. 

Custom House — Gay and Lombard streets. 

Centre Market — Market Space and Baltimore street. 

President Street Station (P., B. & W. R. R.)— President 
and Fleet streets. Shortly after leaving this depot, the Sixth 
Massachusetts Regiment was attacked, April 19, 1861. 

The Flag House — Northwest corner of Albemarle and 
Pratt streets. In this building was sewed the flag that inspired 
Francis Scott Key to write "The Star-Spangled Banner." 

Carroll Mansion — Northwest corner of Lombard and 
Front streets. Where Charles Carroll, the last surviving signer 
of the Declaration of Independence, died. 

The Fallsway — A street completed in 1915, covering Jones 
Falls from Baltimore street to Mt. Royal avenue. 

Fallsway Monument — Commemorating the completion of 
the Fallsway. Fallsway, Chase street and Guilford avenue. 

Wells and McComas Monument — To the memory of two 
sharpshooters who shot Major-General Ross, September 12, 
1814. Ross commanded the British forces at Battle of North 
Point. Gay, Monument and Aisquith streets. 

The Johns Hopkins Hospital — World-famous institution. 
Monument street and Broadway. 

Wildey Monument — To Thomas Wildey, founder of first 
ledge Independent Order of Odd Fellows in America. Broad- 
way Square, near Fayette street. 

Monument to Ferdinand C. Latrobe, seven times Mayor 
of Baltimore — Baltimore street and Broadway. 

Patterson Park — One of Baltimore's finest public reserva- 
tions. Contains breastworks erected during War of 1812. 
Patterson Park avenue and Baltimore street. 

127 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



Columbus Monument — In grounds of Samuel Ready School, 
North avenue and Bond street. The first monument erected in 
the United States to Christopher Columbus. 

Eastern Female High School — Southeast corner Broadway 
and North avenue. 

Clifton Park — With the summer residence of the late Johns 
Hopkins, founder of university and hospital bearing his name. 
Harford road and Washington street. 

Montebello Filters — These filters, the second largest in the 
United States, filter the entire water supply of the City of Balti- 
more. Near Lake Montebello. 






Enoch 'Pratt Free Library, Main {Building 



129 



THit BALTIMORE BOOK 



POINTS OF INTEREST— Classified. 

(See "Contiguous Points of Interest," suggestion for tour of City, 
pages 119 to 129.) 

Monuments and Statues 

Armistead Monument — To the memory of Lieutenant- 
Colonel George Armistead, who commanded Fort McHenry 
during the bombardment of September 12-13, 1814. Fort 
McHenry, near the seawall. 

Armistead Monument — Another monument to the com- 
mander of Fort McHenry. Federal Hill. 

Babcock and Covington Monument — Cannon erected in 
memory of the gallant defense of Forts Babcock and Coving- 
ton in 1814. Port Covington, Western Maryland Railroad 
terminals. 

Battle Monument — Erected in memory of the defenders 
of Baltimore who fell during the Battle of North Point, or 
bombardment of Fort McHenry, September 12-13, 1814. 
Calvert street, between Fayette and Lexington streets. 

Columbus Monument — The first monument erected to Co- 
lumbus in America. Bond street and North avenue. 

Columbus Monument — Druid Hill Park, near the north- 
west end of Druid Lake. 

Confederate Monument — In memory of the Maryland 
soldiers and sailors who fought for the Confederacy. Mt. 
Royal avenue, near Lanvale street. 

Covington and Babcock Monument — Cannon erected in 
memory of the gallant defense of Forts Babcock and Coving- 
ton in 1814. Port Covington, Western Maryland Railroad 
terminals. 

Fallsway Monument — Commemorating completion of the 
Fallsway. Guilford avenue, Chase street and Fallsway. 

Key Monument — To Francis Scott Key, author of "The 
Star-Spangled Banner." Eutaw and Lanvale streets. 



131 




CHARLES STREET, NORTH FROM FAYETTE STREET 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 

Latrobe Monument — To Ferdinand C. Latrobe, seven times 
Mayor of Baltimore. Baltimore street and Broadway. 

Mexican War Monument — Mt. Royal avenue and Lanvale 
street. 

Poe Monument — To Edgar Allan Poe. Fayette and 
Greene streets. 

Revolutionary War Monument — To the memory of soldiers 
in the Maryland Line during the Revolutionary War. Mt. 
Royal avenue and Oliver street. 

Ridgely's Monument — To James L. Ridgely (I. O. O. 
F.). Harlem Square, Gilmor street and Edmondson avenue. 

Rogers Monument — To Commodore John Rogers. At 
the Rogers Bastion, Patterson Park, near Observatory. 

Union Soldiers and Sailors' Monument — To the soldiers 
and sailors of the Federal Government. Druid Hill Park, 
between Mt. Royal Reservoir and Druid Lake. 

Wallace Monument — Erected to Sir William Wallace. 
Near the west end of Druid Lake. 

Washington Monument — The first monument erected to 
George Washington. Monument Square and Washington 
Place (Charles and Monument streets). 

War of 1812 Monument — Cannon to the privateersmen. 
Fort McHenry. 

Watson Monument — To Col. William H. Watson, Mary- 
land officer killed in the Mexican War. Mt. Royal avenue 
and Lanvale street. 

Wells and McComas Monument — To two sharpshooters 
killed in Battle of North Point. Gay, Monument and Aisquith 
streets. 

Wildey Monument — To the founder of Odd Fellows in 
America. Broadway, near Fayette street. 



133 



THtr 13ALTIMQRB BOOK 

Statues 

Calvert Statue — To Caecilius Calvert, second Lord Balti- 
more. Court House steps, St. Paul street. 

Hood Statue — -To John Mifflin Hood, president of the 
Western Maryland Railway from 1874 to 1902. 

Howard Statue — To General John Eager Howard. Charles 
and Madison streets. 

McKinley Statue — To William McKinley, former Presi- 
dent of the United States. Postomce. 

Peabody Statue — To George Peabody, founder of Peabody 
Institute. Mt. Vernon Place. 

Taney Statue — To Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney. 
Washington Square, Charles and Monument streets. 

Wallis Statue — To Severn Teackle Wallis. Washington 
Square, Charles and Centre streets. 

Wallis Statue — To Severn Teackle Wallis. Near St. 
Paul street entrance to Court House. 

Washington Statue — To George Washington. Druid Hill 
Park, at end of driveway from Madison avenue entrance. 

Tablets Marking Sites of Points of Historic 

Interest 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Station — Where the first tele- 
graph message was received. Pratt street, west of Light street. 

Beginning of the official survey of Baltimore Town, January 
1 2, 1 730. Pratt street, west of Light street. 

Calvert Hall College — Where Count de Rochambeau's 
army camped when returning from Yorktown, Va. Cathedral 
and Mulberry streets. 

Carroll Mansion — Where Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 
the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, 
died. Front and Lombard streets. 



135 



rirltzr L5/\LTliMORLt^ BOOK 

Congress Hall — Where Congress met from December 20, 
1776, to February 27, 1777. Liberty street, south of Bal- 
timore street. 

Crooked Lane — A part of the Great Eastern Highway be- 
tween the North and the South in Revolutionary War days. 
Lexington street, about 60 feet west of Charles street. 

First Railroad Station in America — Where the first tele- 
gram was received ; also the point of beginning of the laying 
out of Baltimore Town, January 1 2, 1 730. Pratt street, west 
of Light street. 

Flag House — Where the flag that inspired Francis Scott 
Key to write "The Star-Spangled Banner" was made. Pratt 
and Albermarle streets. 

General Smith's Headquarters during the attack on Balti- 
more, September 12-13, 1814. Patterson Park. 

Lovely Lane Meeting House — In which was organized 
(December, 1 784) the Methodist Episcopal Church in the 
United States of America. North side of German street, 
between Calvert and South streets. 

Key Tablet — Marking the site of building in which Francis 
Scott Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," died. 
Northeast corner Washington Square and Mount Ver ion 
Place (Charles and Monument streets). 

Poe Tablet — On wall of Church Home and Infirmary, 
where Edgar Allan Poe died. Broadway and Fairmount 
avenue. 

St. Paul's Burying-ground Tablet — To the men who fought 
in the War of 1812 and the Revolutionary War. Lombard 
street and Fremont avenue. 

Moore Tablet — To Captain Nicholas Ruxton Moore. St. 
Paul's Church, Saratoga and Charles streets. 

"Star-Spangled Banner" Tablet — On flagpole in Star Fort, 
at Fort McHenry, marking position of flagpole which sup- 
ported the flag that inspired Francis Scott Key in writing "The 
Star-Spangled Banner." 

137 



TH1~ BALTIMORE' BOOK 
Historic Buildings 

Carroll Mansion — Where Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the 
last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, died. 
Lombard and Front streets. 

Flag House — Where the flag that inspired Francis Scott 
Key to write "The Star-Spangled Banner" was made. North- 
west corner of Pratt and Albemarle streets. 

Lee House — Occupied by Robert E. Lee, from 1 848 to 
1852, while with the United States Engineers and in charge 
of the erection of Fort Carroll. Madison avenue, near Biddle 
street. 

Mt. Clare Mansion — Home of Charles Carroll, barrister, 
the oldest building in Baltimore. Carroll Park, Monroe 
street and Columbia avenue. 

Patterson Mansion — Where Betsy Patterson and Jerome 
Bonaparte are said to have resided during their honeymoon. 
Exeter Hall avenue and Taylor street. 

Shot Tower — The only survivor of its kind. Cornerstone 
laid by Charles Carroll of Carrollton, June 2, 1828. Fayette 
and Front streets. 

Churches, Schools, Etc. 

Cathedral and Cardinal's Residence — Cathedral, Mulberry 
and Charles streets. 

City College — Howard street, opposite Centre street. 

Enoch Pratt Free Library — Founded by Enoch Pratt, ( 1 8 
branches). Main building, Mulberry street, near Cathedral 
street. 

Goucher College (formerly Woman's College) — St. Paul 
street, from Twenty-second street to Twenty-fourth street. 

Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical School — World- 
famous institution. Broadway and Monument street. 



139 




BALTIMORE HAS OVER 450 CHURCHES OF ALL DENOMINATIONS 

Cathedral, R. C. First Baptist Christian Temple St. Paul's, P. E. 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 

Johns Hopkins University Buildings — Howard street and 
Druid Hill avenue and St. Paul and Thirty-fourth streets. 

Maryland Institute — School of art and design. Mt. Royal 
avenue and Lanvale street. 

Maryland University — Lombard and Greene streets. 

Peabody Institute — -Art gallery, library and school of music. 
Washington Place and Monument Square (Charles and 
Monument streets) . 

Polytechnic Institute — North avenue, from Calvert street to 
Guilford avenue. 

Walters Art Gallery — Containing the finest collection of art 
in America. Washington Place (Charles and Centre streets) . 

Young Men's Christian Association Building — Cathedral 
and Franklin streets. 

Public Buildings 

City Hall — Fayette, Holliday and Lexington streets and 
Guilford avenue. 

Court House — Fayette, Calvert, Lexington and St. Paul 
streets. 

Custom House — Water, Gay and Lombard streets. 

Fifth Regiment Armory — Where President Wilson was 
nominated. Bolton and Hoffman streets. 

Postoffice — Fayette, Calvert and Lexington streets and 
Guilford avenue. 

Peale's Museum — The first building in America illuminated 
with gas. Holliday street, near Lexington street. 



141 




TYPES OF BALTIMORE CHURCHES (Continued) 

Mt. Vernon. M. E. Oheb Shalom Synagogue St. Mark's Lutheran First Presbyterian 



TH& BALTIMORE' BOOK 



BALTIMORE HISTORY 
1608-1916 

To begin at the very beginning of direct historical informa- 
tion concerning Baltimore, one must go back to the year 1 608, 

June 2nd, 1 608, Capt. John Smith, whose life is reputed to 
have been saved by Pocahontas, having settled Jamestown, 
started from the vicinity of Cape Henry on the first of his 
two famous explorations of the Chesapeake Bay. During this 
expedition, which lasted nineteen days, he visited every inlet 
on both sides of the Bay, from the Capes to the Patapsco 
River (named by Smith, Bolus), sailed up that stream, and 
from him we get the first information concerning the region, 
now Baltimore. Smith and his followers were, therefore, the 
first white men to set eyes on the present site of the City. There 
is no question about Smith's visit to this locality. He prepared 
an excellent map of the Chesapeake and its tributaries. The 
Patapsco River, then, of course, unnamed, he called "Bolus," 
because of the red clay resembling "bole armoniack" along its 
banks. The red clay, or "bole," was a covering for deposits 
of iron ore, afterward discovered and mined. The first of 
these mines was owned and worked by John Moale, at Moale's 
Point, along Spring Gardens. Smith's map indicates quite an 
extensive knowledge of the topography of this section. He went 
up the "Bolus for a considerable distance. On his voyage 
he had fourteen companions and used a barge, of between 
two and three tons, propelled by sail and oar. He had excit- 
ing and interesting experiences with Indians. 

Following Captain Smith's explorations in this vicinity, there 
is a lapse of years before the thread of the narrative can be 
taken up by the historian. 

In the absence of proof to the contrary it must be assumed 
that Indians roamed over the site of Baltimore at will, or at 



143 




A FEW MONUMENTS OF BALTIMORE 

Washington Howard Watson 



TH& BALTllMOR/Er BOOK 

least without interference from white men; for it was not until 
1661 that history records the second step in the advance of 
civilization. 

In 1 66 1 the first surveys were made, pursuant to land 
grants, and henceforth this section became the permanent habi- 
tation of white men. Tract after tract was taken up by settlers, 
and in 1 706 Locust Point, then "Whetstone Point," now 
within the City limits (southern section), was made a port of 
entry. Iron ore deposits had been discovered near the Point 
in 1 723, which produced trade and attracted population. 

Baltimore Town site, some miles to the northwest, was laid 
out pursuant to an Act of Assembly, approved by the Gov- 
ernor of the Province, August 8, 1 729. A Commission was, 
by this Act, appointed to select a site. This body met on 
December 1 , 1 729, and on January 1 2, 1 730, the official 
survey was made. The original tract, part of "Cole's Har- 
bor," consisted of sixty acres, divided into sixty lots, which 
were sold for forty shillings an acre — tobacco being accepted 
in payment at the option of the buyer. The new settlement 
was named in honor of Caecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore). 
The tract is in the heart of the "down-town" business section 
today. 

In 1 797 Baltimore passed from a town form of government 
to an incorporated Municipality, with the "Mayor and City 
Council" as the corporate entity. Under this form it has since 
remained. 

A great book could be written on Baltimore; its history, its 
commercial resources and its institutions; but this is not a 
great book. It is a compilation limited to facts, briefly stated, 
and with this idea in view the following chronological arrange- 
ment was prepared from various sources: 



145 




MONUMENTS OF BALTIMORE (Continued) 
Key or Star-Spangled Banner Revolutionary War Battle Monument 



THit BALTIMORE BOOK 

INTERESTING EVENTS IN HISTORY OF BALTIMORE 
GIVEN CHRONOLOGICALLY 

Captain John Smith sails from lower Chesapeake on the first of his 
explorations of Chesapeake Bay. He and his followers were the 
first white men to see the locality, now City of Baltimore, 2 June, 1608 

Caecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, becomes Governor of 
Maryland under Charter from Charles I of England; from 

Caecilius (Lord Baltimore) this City derives its name 1632 

Note — The original grant of the territory called Mary- 
land was obtained by Sir George Calvert, first of the Barons 
of Baltimore, in 1632. Sir George died before the Charter 
was actually issued, and the grant devolved upon his son 
Caecilius, who became the real founder of Maryland, al- 
though he never visited the Colony. Caecilius, however, sent 
out settlers under his younger brother Leonard. 

Colonists under Leonard Calvert settled on Maryland soil at St. 

Mary's 27 Mar., 1634 

Charles Gorsuch, a member of the Society of Friends, patents 50 
acres at Whetstone Point (Locust Point). Whether Gorsuch 
actually resided on the Point is not known 24 Feb., 1661 

David Jones, reputed to be the first actual settler, "took up" and had 
surveyed 380 acres of land along the eastern bank of a stream, 
now Jones Falls, the Falls inheriting its name from the original 
resident. Jones built a house in the vicinity of what is today 
Front street, near the stream. (The bed of Jones Falls was 
covei^d in 1915, and is now the Fallsway) 15 June, 1661 

Alexander Moi'nteney "takes up" two hundred acres of land on each 
side of Harford Run, a stream since covered, and now Central 
avenue 1 663 

John Howard patents a tract, which includes a large part of South 
Baltimore, between the Middle and Northwest branches of the 
Patapsco 1 668 

Thomas Cole took five hundred and fifty acres, bounded now approxi- 
mately by Paca, Mulberry, High and Lombard streets, the tract 
known as Cole's Harbor 1668 

James Todd obtains a warrant for Cole's Harbor and has it re- 
surveyed, granted a patent June 1, 1700, under the name of 
Todd's Range 1698 

Whetstone Point, by Act of Legislature, was made a port of entry, 

the first within the now City limits 1 706 

147 



>4fltes J 




MONUMENTS OF BALTIMORE (Continued) 

Poe Wallace Caecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore) 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



Mill erected by Jonathan Hanson, who acquires 31 acres, at about 

the point where Bath and Holliday streets intersect 1711 

Iron ore discovered at Whetstone Point. This tract was resurveyed 
March 29, 1723, and passed into the hands of the Principio 
Furnace Company, which concern seems later to have started 
smelling works in other parts of the Colony of Maryland. . . . 1723 

Note — There is no little confusion concerning the early 
grants and patents, which were sometimes reconveyed, and 
others became the subject of litigation, but the foregoing, as 
conspicuous transactions and incidents, are sufficient for pres- 
ent purposes to show that the history of Baltimore antedates 
1729-30, when the town was officially laid out. 
Act authorizing "erection" of Baltimore Town passed.... 8 Aug., 1729 

First meeting of Town Commission 1 Dec, 1 729 

Town Commission meet and officially survey 60 acres 12 Jan., 1730 

Jones Town, east of Baltimore Town, laid out 22 Nov., 1732 

P. E. Parish Church, built on site afterwards occupied by St. Paul's 
Church, corner Charles and Saratoga streets, begun 1 730, com- 
pleted 1 739 

Baltimore and Jones Town consolidated and incorporated as Balti- 
more Town 1 745 

Subscription of £100 by citizens for building a market-house and 
town-hall, erected 10 years later, at northwest corner Gay and 

Baltimore streets 23 Apr., 1751 

Thirty-two acres annexed, known as "Hall's Addition," to Balti- 
more Town 1 753 

Mount Clare House erected by Charles Carroll, barrister, built 

of imported brick 1754 

A number of Acadian exiles settled in Baltimore 1756 

Baltimore made the county seat, and courthouse erected where Battle 

Monument now stands 1 763 

Mechanical company organized, and a fire-engine purchased 1769 

First umbrella in the U. S. (brought from India) used here 1772 

Baptist Church erected corner Front and Fayette streets, afterwards 

site of the Shot Tower 1 773 

First newspaper, the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, 

established by William Goddard; first issue 20 Aug., 1773 

Stage route opened to Philadelphia 1773 

First Methodist meeting-house in Baltimore built in Strawberry 

alley Nov., 1 773 

Lovely Lane Methodist Meeting-house erected in Baltimore. . .Oct., 1774 



149 




Baltimore's splendid water front offers unexcelled opportunities for 
manner of aquatic sports and pastimes 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 



Capt. William Perkins arrives at Marblehead with 3,000 bushels of 
Indian corn, 20 barrels of rye and 21 barrels of bread sent by 

the people of Baltimore for the poor of Boston 28 Aug., 1774 

Baltimore contains 564 houses and 5,934 inhabitants 1775 

St. Peter's Church (Roman Catholic), on Saratoga and Charles 

streets, built and occupied 1 770- 1 775 

Continental Congress holds its session in Congress Hall, corner Bal- 
timore and Liberty streets 20 Dec, 1776, to 20 Jan., 1777 

First notable riot in Baltimore. Mr. Goddard of the Maryland 
Journal beset in his office by excited members of the "Whig 
Club," who took exception to an article in his paper lauding 

King George and Parliament 25 Mar., 1777 

Count Pulaski organizes his corps in Baltimore Mar., 1778 

First custom-house erected I 780 

Paving of the streets begun 1 78 1 

First brick theatre in Baltimore erected on East Baltimore street, 
nearly opposite the Second Presbyterian Church; opened with 

the play, "King Richard III" 15 Jan., 1782 

Regular line of stage coaches established to Fredericktown and 

Annapolis 1 783 

Policemen first employed 1 784 

Three new market-houses erected 1 784 

Streets first lighted with oil lamps 1 784 

The Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States of America 

organized Dec, 1 784 

Methodist Church built on northwest corner Light street and Wine 

alley; begun Aug., 1785; dedicated by Bishop Asbury, 21 May, 1785 

First destructive flood recorded 5 Oct., 1 786 

St. Mary's College (Seminary of St. Sulpice) established 1791 

Presbyterian Church erected on northwest corner Fayette and North 
streets (afterwards razed to give place to the U. S. Courthouse, 
I860; later torn down, in 1908, to make way for Postoffice 

extension) 1 79 1 

Bank of Maryland organized 1 791 

Yellow fever epidemic Aug. to Oct., 1 794 

Bank of Baltimore incorporated 24 Dec, 1 795 

First directory of Baltimore Town and Fell's Point published.... 1796 
Act passed to lay out and establish a turnpike from the city of 

Washington to Baltimore Town 31 Dec, 1796 

Baltimore Town incorporated as a city; population 20,000, 31 

Dec, 1796; began as an incorporated institution 1797 

151 




Y. M. C. A. BUILDING-FRANKLIN AND CATHEDRAL STREETS 

The Association is splendidly housed in Baltimore, and 
its beneficial influence is far-reaching 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



First Mayor, James Calhoun, elected 16 Jan., 1797 

Marine Observatory was first established on Federal Hill 1797 

Library Company of Baltimore, afterwards merged with the Mary- 
land Historical Society, incorporated. (Library contained 4,000 

volumes in 1800) 20 Jan., 1797 

Maryland Society for promoting the abolition of slavery, and the 
relief of free negroes and others unlawfully held in bondage, 

formed in Baltimore; the fourth in the U. S 8 Sept., 1798 

Baltimore American and Daily Advertiser first issued. (Successor 
of Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, established 

1773) 14 May, 1799 

On the 1 5th of December news of the death of General 
Washington reached Baltimore, and on the first day of Janu- 
ary, 1800, commemorative funeral rites were held. The 
militia, including the regulars at Fort McHenry, and citizens, 
many from the country surrounding Baltimore, formed a pro- 
cession at the "Head of Baltimore street,' where an appro- 
priate address was delivered by Rev. Dr. Allison. From thence 
the procession went to Christ Church. A bier was carried 
into the edifice, and the funeral services were conducted by 
Rev. Dr. Bend. There was a concourse present. 

As a result of this demonstration, sundry bills against the 
Mayor and City Council of Baltimore were rendered, gen- 
erally upon fragments of paper. These have been mounted, 
anc 1 are on exhibition at the City Library. 
President Adams passes through Baltimore, June 15, 1800, from 
Washington. The Mayor and City Council presented him an 

address of welcome 15 June, 1800 

(Original document — President's reply — at City Library.) 

Petition of protest against erection of a City Hall 1801 

(Original document at City Library.) 
Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Elizabeth Patterson married in Balti- 
more 24 Dec, 1803 

Union Bank of Maryland organized and chartered 1804 

Mechanics' Bank incorporated 1806 

Corner-stone of Roman Catholic Cathedral laid 7 July, 1806 

Baltimore Water Company formed with capital of $250,000, 30 
April, 1804, and water first supplied through cast-iron pipes 
(water taken from Jones Falls) May, 1 807 



153 




GOUCHER (Woman's College) COLLEGE 




MARYLAND INSTITUTE-School of Art and Design 



THJt BALTIMORE BOOK 



Courlhouse building on North Calvert street, corner Lexington, be- 
gun, 1805; occupied 1809 

Note — -The above building was torn down to make place 
for the present marble structure. 

Mob destroys the office of the Federal Republican 27 July, 1812 

"New Theatre," afterwards called "Holliday Street Theatre," 

opened 10 May, 1813 

First steamboat built in Baltimore, the Chesapeake, constructed by 

William McDonald & Co 1813 

British forces under General Ross advance against the City, 12 Sept., 1814 

Engagement at North Point, General Ross killed 12 Sept., 1814 

Fort McHenry bombarded by British fleet 1 2- 13 Sept., 1814 

"The Star-Spangled Banner" was composed by Francis Scott 
Key, while on board the United States ship Minden, during the 
bombardment of Fort McHenry. 
"The Star-Spangled Banner" printed in the Baltimore American 

and Daily Advertiser 21 Sept., 1814 

Corner-stone of the Washington Monument laid (height of monu- 
ment, 180 feet) (completed 25 Nov., 1824) 4 July, 1815 

Corner-stone of Battle Monument laid (erected in honor of Balti- 
moreans killed defending the City in 1814) (monument finished 

12 Sept., 1822) 12 Sept., 1815 

Population of Baltimore increased 16,000 by annexation of the 

precincts 1816 

Maryland Hospital incorporated 29 Jan., 1816 

St. Andrew's Society incorporated I Feb., 1816 

Medical Society of Maryland incorporated 1 Feb., 1816 

First building lighted with gas, Peale's Museum on Holliday street, 

afterwards Old City Hall 1816 

Several months later, the Gaslight Company of Baltimore (the 
first company in America), producing and selling gas for illumi- 
nating purposes, was incorporated. The original incorporators 
were Peale, Long, William Lorman, James Mosher and William 
Gwynn. 
St. Paul's P. E. Church erected on corner Saratoga and Charles 
streets; cornet -stone laid 4 May, 1814; completed at cost of 

$126,140 1817 

Disastrous freshet in Jones Falls; part of the City called the 

"Meadows" overflowed to depth of 10 to 15 feet. . . .8 Aug., 1817 

President Monroe visits Baltimore 1819 

(For correspondence relative thereto, see exhibit at City 
Library.) 

155 



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THEr BALTIMORE BOOK 



First Odd Fellows' Lodge in America, Washington Lodge No. I, 
organized at Fell's Point, 13 April, 1819, through the efforts 
of Thomas Wildey. It received a charter from the Duke of 
York's Lodge at Preston, Lancashire, England 1 Feb., 1820 

Exchange Building (Custom-house, torn down 1902), Water, Gay, 

Lombard streets, opened for business June, 1820 

Roman Catholic Cathedral (begun 1806) consecrated by Arch- 
bishop Mareschal 31 May, 1821 

Disastrous fire; 3 lumber yards and 25 to 30 buildings, mostly 

warehouses, burned 23 June, 1822 

Statue placed on Battle Monument 12 Sept., 1822 

Corner-stone of Baltimore Athenaeum at southwest corner St. Paul 

and Lexington streets, laid 10 Aug., 1824 

General Lafayette visits Baltimore 7-11 Oct., 1824 

Washington Monument (the first monument erected in honor of 

George Washington) completed 25 Nov., 1824 

Mrs. Ellen Moale (first white child born within the town of Balti- 
more) dies Mar., 1 825 

Erection of Barnum's City Hotel begun 1825 

Maryland Academy of Science and Literature incorporated. (Con- 
tinued until 1844) 16 Feb., 1826 

First exhibition of Maryland Institute 7 Nov., 1826 

Subscription books for stock of Baltimore & Ohio Railroad opened; 

$4,178,000 taken by 22,000 subscribers 20-27 Mar., 1827 

First banking-house opened by Evan Poultney in Baltimore street, 

June, 1 828 

Foundation stone of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad laid by the 
Masonic Grand Lodge of Maryland, assisted by Charles Car- 
roll of Carrollton 4 July, 1828 

Shot-tower (Phoenix Company), 234 feet high, circular, and of 

brick, built without scaffolding, completed 25 Nov., 1828 

Corner-stone of the Baltimore & Susquehanna Railroad (later 
Northern Central Railroad) laid, and centennial of Baltimore 
celebrated 8 Aug., 1829 

First public school opened 24 Sept., 1829 

Old Baltimore Museum, northwest corner Baltimore and Calvert 

streets, opened 1 Jan., 1 830 

(Building sold to B. & O. R. R., March, 1874.) 

First steam car was run on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. on -28 Aug., 1830 

Epidemic of cholera July-Sept., 1832 



157 



Tm~ hALTIMOR-E 1 I^OOK 



Charles Carroll of Carrolllon, the last survivor of the signers of the 
Declaration of Independence, aged 95, dies at Baltimore.... 

14 Nov., 1832 

Bank of Maryland fails 24 Mar., 1834 

Baltimore and Washington Railroad was opened 25 Aug., 1834 

Riot, growing out of failure of Bank of Maryland Aug., 1835 

First issue of the Baltimore Sun 17 May, 1 837 

Sudden freshet in Jones Falls; 19 lives lost; Harrison and Fred- 
erick streets 10 feet under water 14 July, 1837 

City of Kingston, first steam vessel from Baltimore to Furope di- 
rect, leaves port 20 May, 1838 

Baltimore Academy of Visitation opened, 1837; chartered 1838 

Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the first of dental colleges, 
and for many years the only dental college in the world, was 

chartered 1 839 

Greenmount Cemetery dedicated 13 July, 1 839 

Mercantile Library Association organized 14 Nov., 1839 

St. Vincent de Paul's Church, corner-stone laid by Archbishop 

Eccleston, 21 May, 1840; dedicated 7 Nov., 1841 

Fxplosion of steamer Medora, just about to start on her trial excur- 
sion; 27 killed; 40 wounded 15 Apr., 1842 

Irancis Scott Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," died 

II Jan., 1843 

Adams Express Company was established in Baltimore 1843 

Historical Society of Maryland organized; Gen. John Spear Smith, 

first president 27 Jan., 1844 

Omnibus line established May, 1844 

Magnetic telegraph from Washington city to B. & O. R. R. depot, 
Pratt street, near Light street, wires covered with rope-yarn 
and tar, completed; first communication, "What hath God 

wrought!" received 27 May, 1844 

Corner-stone of St. Alphonsus' Church laid, 1 May, 1842; church 

dedicated 14 Mar., 1845 

Maryland Institute for the promotion of the mechanics' arts or- 
ganized 12 Jan., 1848 

Fire destroys 60 dwellings, breaking out in a cotton factory in Lex- 

inrton street, near Fremont 28 May, 1848 

Howard Athenaeum and Gallery of Art, northeast corner Baltimore 

and Charles streets, opened as a theatre 12 June, 1848 

Baltimore Athenaeum opened and edifice inaugurated 23 Oct., 1848 

Baltimore Female College opened 1848; chartered 1849 

159 



THE- BALT11MQR& BOOK If 



Edgar Allan Poe dies in Baltimore, aged 40 years 7 Oct., 1849 

Jennie Lind arrives in Baltimore (J. H. Whitehurst, "daguerreo- 
typist," bids $100 for first choice of seats at her first concert) . . 

8 Dec, 1850 
Corner-stone of Maryland Institute, Baltimore street and Marsh 
Market Space, laid March 13, 1851; the building was 

opened 20 Oct., 1851 

Building destroyed in fire of 1904; new one (Centre Mar- 
ket) erected near same site, 1907. 

Reception to Louis Kossuth 27 Dec, 1851 

Loyola College, Calvert street, near Madison, opened.... 15 Sept., 1852 
Remains of Junius Brutus Booth, tragedian, arrived in Baltimore, his 

home, from Louisville, Ky., where he died 2 Dec. . . .9 Dec, 1852 

Loudon Park Cemetery dedicated 14 July, 1853 

Maryland School for the Blind opened 1853 

Baltimore Orphan Asylum, Strieker street, near Saratoga, opened. . 

10 Nov., 1853 
Excursion train returning to Baltimore from Rider's Grove collides 
with accommodation train from Baltimore, near the Relay 

House; over 30 killed and about 100 injured 4 July, 1854 

Water-works purchased by the City 1854 

Trial of a steam fire-engine, the "Miles Greenwood," built at Cin- 
cinnati for the corporation of Boston; the first seen in Balti- 
more 2 Feb., 1 855 

Erection of the new First Presbyterian Church, corner Madison 

street and Park avenue, begun July, 1855 

Melee among the firemen; 2 killed; many injured 18 Aug., 1855 

St. Paul's P. E. Church burned, 29 April, 1854; rebuilt and dedi- 
cated 10 Jan., 1856 

Battle between Rip Rap Club and the New Market Fire Com- 
pany; many wounded; City election dispute 8 Oct., 1856 

Election riot; Democrats and Know-nothings 4 Nov., 1856 

Disastrous fire, 37-41 South Charles street; 14 persons killed by a 

falling wall 14 Apr., 1857 

Strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and encounter between 

the militia and rioters 29 Apr. -2 May, 1857 

Banks suspend specie payment 28 Sept., 1857 

Maryland Club incorporated 24 Feb., 1858 

Clearing-house established 8 Mar., 1858 

Steam-fire engine, the "Alpha," the first owned by the Baltimore 

Fire Department, arrives in the City 18 May, 1858 

161 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 



Flood, almost as destructive as that of 1837, occurs 12 June, 1858 

Ordinance passed for a partial paid City fire department ... .Sept., 1858 
Reform Association organized at a mass-meeting in Monument 

Square 8 Sept., 1 858 

Peabody Institute, endowed by George Peabody with $1,300,000, 

1857; incorporated 9 March, 1858; corner-stone laid. .16 Apr., 1859 
Police and fire-alarm telegraph adopted June, 1858; first put in 

operation 27 June, 1 859 

First car placed on the City Passenger Railway on Broadway, and 

line opened 27 Oct., 1 859 

Baltimore police force placed under State control 2 Feb., 1860 

Reception to Japanese Ambassadors, guests of the United States 

Government 8 June, 1 860 

Druid Hill Park, purchased by the City in September, 1860, opened. . 

19 Oct., 1860 

Attack upon the Sixth Massachusetts and Seventh Pennsylvania 
Regiments while attempting to pass through the City to Wash- 
ington; 12 citizens and 3 soldiers killed; 23 soldiers and sev- 
eral citizens wounded 19 Apr., 1861 

Note — Seventh Pennsylvania Regiment sent back from 
President Street Depot in direction of Philadelphia. 

Scharf says: Citizens killed, 12; soldiers, 4; citizens 
Wounded, 4; soldiers, many. 

Colonel Jones of Sixth Masachusetts: Soldiers killed, 3. 
Mayor G. W. Brown: Soldiers killed, 4; citizens killed, 
12; soldiers wounded, 36. — W. F. C. 

Gen. B. F. Butler takes military possession 13 May, 1861 

Thomas Wildey, the "Father of Odd-Fellowship in the U. S.," 

dies in Baltimore, aged 80 years 19 Oct., 1861 

Corner-stone of St. Martin's Roman Catholic Church, southeast 

corner Fulton avenue and Fayette street, laid 9 July, 1865 

The Wildey Monument, erected by the Odd Fellows, corner-stone 

laid 26 April, 1865, is dedicated 20 Sept., 1865 

Southern Relief Fair, in aid of the suffering poor of Southern 
States, held at the hall of the Maryland Institute, receipts 

$164,569.97 2-13 Apr., 1866 

Maryland State Normal School opened 1866 

Dedication of the Peabody Institute 25 Oct., 1866 

Corner-stone of Masonic Temple, North Charles street, laid. . 

20 Nov., 1866 
Corner-stone of new City Hall laid 18 Oct., 1867 

163 



TH& LJALTIMOR.e- BOOK 



Excessive heat; thermometer 97 to 101 in the shade; 30 cases of 

sunstroke ; 2 1 fatal 16 July, 1 868 

Most disastrous flood on record. A street car floats down Harrison 
street; the water reaches to the second story of buddings, and 
most of the bridges over Jones Falls, including the heavy iron 
bridge at Fayette street, are swept away 24 July, 1868 

Maryland Institution for the Blind, on North avenue, near Guilford 

avenue (removed to Parkton, 1910), dedicated 20 Nov., 1868 

Corner-stone of Mount Vernon Place Methodist Episcopal Church 

laid 26 Sept., 1869 

Ford's Grand Opera House inaugurated. Shakespeare's "As You 

Like It," the opening play 3 Oct., 1871 

Third National Bank robbed between banking hours Saturday and 

Monday; loss over $220,000 17-19 Aug., 1872 

Initial number of the Evening News 4 Nov., 18/2 

Thermometer 10 below zero night of 29 Jan., 1873 

Church of the Ascension, Protestant Episcopal, destroyed by fire. . 

12 May, 1873 

Baltimore and Potomac tunnel, about ]]/% miles in length, begun 
June, 1871, and first passenger train passed through to Calvert 
Station 29 June, 1873 

Union Railroad tunnel (Greenmount avenue to Bond street) begun 
May, 1871 ; completed June, 1873, and first train through. . 

24 July, 1873 

Most extensive fire to date (1873) in the City breaks out in a planing 
mill on Park and Clay streets; 113 buildings destroyed, includ- 
ing 2 churches, 3 schoolhouses ; loss, $750,000 25 July, 1873 

Johns Hopkins dies, aged 79 24 Dec, 1873 

Morning Herald established 1875 

City Hall completed 1 875 

Monument to Edgar Allan Poe (Westminster Presbyterian Church- 
yard) unveiled 17 Nov., 1 875 

Johns Hopkins University, incorporated 24 August, 1867, endowed 

by its founder with $3,000,000, is opened 1876 

Following a strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on July 16, 
1877, rioting occurred, and on the 18th troops were sent to 
Martinsburg — the President having issued a warning proclama- 
tion to the rioters. This was succeeded by strikes and riots on 
most of tbe leading railroads in the United States, accompanied 
by immense destruction of railroad property and freight. The riots 
were quelled by troops with considerable loss of life. On July 



165 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 



20th a riot occurred at the Sixth Regiment Armory, in Balti- 
more, in which eleven persons were killed and several wounded. 
The occasion was the movement of the regiment to assist in 
quelling the railroad rioters. The trouble continued until the 
end of the month; on the 30th railroad travel was partially 
resumed July. 1 877 

1 50lh anniversary of the foundation of the City celebrated, 10-15 Oct., 1880 

Over 65 excursionists, principally from Baltimore, drowned by the 

giving way of the pier at Tivoli 23 July, 1883 

Enoch Pratt Free Library, founded by Enoch Pratt with $1,250,000 

in 1882, formally opened to the public 5 Jan., 1886 

Great fire in Hopkins Place; loss, $2,000,000; 7 firemen killed and 

6 injured 2 Sept., 1 888 

Asylum for Feeble- Minded Children opened Jan., 1889 

The Johns Hopkins Hospital, endowed with $3,500,000, opened. . 

7 May, 1889 

Six days' celebration of 75th anniversary of the defense of the City, 

begun 9 Sept., 1889 

Twenty- two persons rescued from the wrecked steamship "Astoria" 
landed at Baltimore by the steamship "Decatur H. Miller". . 

31 Aug., 1893 

Panic during Yiddish performance at Front Street Theatre; 23 

persons killed; others injured 27 Dec, 1895 

Governor Lowndes approved the Act of the General Assembly, 

granting a new Charter to the City of Baltimore. .. .24 Mar., 1898 

Great fire, which traversed 140 acres and destroyed 86 blocks in the 
heart of the City. Loss, variously estimated, possibly about 

$125,000,000 7-8 Feb., 1904 

"Greater Baltimore Jubilee" to celebrate the rehabilitation of the 

City, begun 10 Sept., 1906 

Y. M. C. A. building fund of $500,000 completed 13 Nov., 1906 

New Custom-house opened 2 Dec, 1 907 

Maryland Home Coming. The event was celebrated in Baltimore 
by parades and various official functions and festive demonstra- 
tions 13.19 Oct., 1907 

New building of Maryland Institute, School of Art and Design, on 

Baltimore street and Market Space, dedicated 26 Nov., 1907 

William Pinkney Whyte, who had been State Comptroller, Mayor 
of Baltimore, Governor of Maryland, U. S. Senator and lead- 
ing member of the Bar, died, aged 83 17 Mar., 1908 



167 



TH& HA. LT1NIOR.-K- HOOK 



New building, Maryland Institute, Mt. Royal avenue and Lanvale 

street, dedicated 23 Nov., 1 908 

New building of Walters Art Gallery (containing the finest private 

collection of paintings in America) opened 3 Feb., 1909 

Electric current, generated at McCall Ferry, Susquehanna River, 

introduced in Baltimore 14 Oct., 1910 

F. C. Latrobe (seven times Mayor of Baltimore City) died, 18 Jan., 1911 

John M. Hood Memorial unveiled 11 May, 191 1 

Key Monument unveiled 15 May, 191 1 

Celebration of 50lh anniversary of the ordination of Cardinal Gib- 
bons and the 25th anniversary of his elevation to the rank of 

Cardinal 6 June, 191 1 

S. S. "Friedrich der Grosse," largest steamship to visit port, Balti- 
more to Bremen, sails 28 June, 191 I 

High pressure fire pipe line placed in service 23 Apr., 1912 

Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic of Johns Hopkins Hospital opened. 1913 
Ferdinand C. Latrobe (seven times Mayor of Baltimore) Monu- 
ment, Baltimore street and Broadway, unveiled 1 June, 1914 

Centennial Celebration commemorating the Battle of North Point, 
bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British fleet and the 
writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner by Francis Scott 

Key 6-13 Sept., 1914 

Baltimore Flag adopted 11 Feb., 1915 

Fallsway completed; Fallsway Monument, Guilford avenue. Falls- 
way and Chase street, unveiled 28 Feb., 1915 

Buildings of the Johns Hopkins University at Homewood dedi- 
cated 21 May, 1915 

Montebello Filtration Plant accepted by the City 13 Sept., 1915 

Baltimore Symphony Orchestra concerts — instituted by Mayor Pres- 
ton — under Municipal support and patronage, began .. 1 1 Feb., 1916 
Baltimore prize song, "Baltimore, Our Baltimore," the words by 
Folger McKinsey and the music by Mrs. Emma Hemberger, 
was sung the first time in public 22 Feb., 1916 



BOOK OF FACTS 



169 




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IN THE REALM OF THE SPORTSMAN 

Mr. Sportsman, these pictures are for your special benefit. Isn t a visit to 
Baltimore worth while if only to go down to the water front and make a catch 
like this, or shoot the far famed Maryland canvas-back, like the chap in the 
"blind?" 




RACING ON THE CHESAPEAKE BAY 

All cities have buildings of one kind or another; many have certain things in 
common, but none have Baltimore's splendid water front with the unrivaled op- 
portunities it affords for pleasure 




A YACHTSMAN'S HAVEN 

Waters contiguous to Baltimore have many snug harbors and safe anchorages^ 
Boat clubs are numerous along the shores; the 
enjoyable aquatic activity 



irhole situation being one of 




Oj; 




A MOTOR BOAT DASH 
This thoroughly modern sport, with all its exciting accompaniments, is in great 
vogue among Baltimore watermen. The speed attained by these little boats is 
marvelous. 




ONE OF BALTIMORE'S SALT WATER RETREATS 

From this pleasure resoit pier one gets a view, obstructed only by the horizon, 
down the Chesapeake Bay 




FORT McHENRY-NOW A PUBLIC PARK 




HISTORIC POINTS -WAR OF 1812 

North Point Monument, where fighting occurred. Old Methodist Meeting 
House (General Strieker's Headquarters) still standing. Hampstead Hill fatter- 
son Park) Earthworks. 



*i 






% 



TH& BALTIMORE- BOOK 



INDEX 



A PACE 

Amusements 115 

Annex, Street Improvements in 15 

Anthem, Municipal ("Baltimore, Our Baltimore") 6, 7 

Aquat.c Sports 115, 177, 178, 179 

Area of Baltimore City 1 03 

Armory, Fifth Regiment 108, 109, 1 10, 176 

Articles Manufactured in Baltimore 61, 63, 65 

B 

Baltimore College of Dental Surgery 105 

Baltimore Fire of 1904 4a, 11, 13, 188a 

Baltimore Flag 1 , 2 

Baltimore Government II, 13, 15, 17, 35 

Baltimore Harbor 4a, 32, 35, 62, 75, 89, 90, 188a 

Baltimore History 1 43- 1 69 

Baltimore, Maps of 5,1 80a 

Baltimore Monument, Lord 1 48 

Baltimore (or Battle) Monument 146 

"Baltimore, Our Baltimore," Municipal Anthem 6, 7 

Baltimore Street 120, 160, 172 

Baltimore Suburbs 94, 96 

Baltimore Symphony Orchestra 1 07 

Baltimore Trade and Industrial Advantages 59 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. .. .31, 67, 72, 76, 77, 85, 86, 89, 93, 117 

Baltimore and the Panama Canal 78a 

Baltimore and Vicinity (Map) 5 

Baths, Public 46, 47 

Bee Hive Buildings 71 

Bee Hive of Industry 69 

Board of Awards 35 

Board of Estimates 35 

Board of Trade 59 

Board of Trade Report, British 95, 97, 101 

Boat Lake, Druid Hill Park 17, 36 

Boat Races 1 78 

Bonding 71 

Broadway 39, 42, 171 

Builders' Exchange 31 

Building Associations 95 

Buildings, Historic 1 39 

Buildings, Industrial 71 

Buildings, Public 10, 12, 14, 16, 34 

Burnt District 4a, 11, 13, 188a 

Burnt District Commission 13 

Business Section 1 56, 1 88a 

185 



THB BALTIMORE BOOK 



INDEX— Continued 

C PAGE 

Calvert Monument, Caecilius (Lord Baltimore) 148 

Calvert Street 1 22 

Canton Railroad 87 

Car Lines 97 

Carroll, Fort 1 66 

Carroll Park 38, 39 

Chamber of Commerce 77, 79 

Charles Street 132, 158, 162 

Chronologically-arranged History of Baltimore 143-169 

Chesapeake Bay 75, 93, 101 

Chesapeake Bay Steamers 75 

Churches 139, 140, 142 

City College 49, 50 

City Council 35 

City Government II, 13, 35 

City Hall 10, 34 

City Register 35 

City Solicitor 35 

Civic Center 25 

Clifton Park 38. 41 

Climate 113 

Coal Piers 78 

Coal and Coke 89 

College Fraternity Dance 1 75 

Colleges (See Schools). 

Commerce and Transportation 73 

Commercial Section 73-94 

Comptroller 35 

Conduit System, Electrical Underground 17, 55 

Confederate Home 180 

Confederate Soldiers and Sailors' Monument 136 

Convention Halls 103, 109, 1 10, 176 

Convention, National Democratic 1 76 

Court House 12 

Custom House 16 

D 

Dam on Gunpowder River at Loch Raven 23, 24 

Dam on Susquehanna River at McCall Ferry 66, 67 

Dining Rooms, Hotel 1 73, 1 74 

Disposal Plant, Sewerage System 19, 20, 21 

Distances from Eastern to Southern and Western Cities 84 

Docks 13, 28, 29, 30, 32, 56 

Domestic Section 95-102 

Druid H.ll Park. 1 7, 36, 37, 39, 40, 49, 1 1 5 

Drydock "Dewey" 60 

Dwellings 97 

186 



TH& BALTIMORE BOOK 



INDEX— Continued 

E PACE 

Eastern Female High School 50 

Educational Center 1 05 

Electrical Conduit System, Underground 17, 35 

Enoch Pratt Free Library 105, 129 

Eutaw Place 40, 134 

F 

Factory Site Commission 31, 33 

Fallsway 25, 26 

Fallsway Monument 26 

Federation of Labor 5\ 

Fifth Regiment Armory 48, 103, lO), 1 10, 176 

Filtration Plant 22, 23 

Fire Department 15, 52, 53 

Fireboat "Deluge" 59 

Fire of 1904 4a, II, 13, 99, 120, 188a 

Flag of Baltimore City 1 , 2 

Food Supply 100, 101 

Fort Carroll 166 

Fort McHenry 41, 51 

Freight Rates from Western Points 83 

1" reight Rates to Southern Points 80, 81 

Freight Rates to Western Points 82 

Freight Sheds 58 

Freight Warehouses 58 

Freight Yards 72, 76, 88 

G 

Goucher College 105, 1 54 

Government of Baltimore 11, 13, 15, 17, 35 

Grain Elevators 58, 64, 77, 93, 164 

Grain Port 77 

Gunpowder River 23, 24 

Gwynn's Falls Park 37, 41 

H 

Harbor 28, 32, 35, 62, 74, 75, 89, 90 

Health Department 43 

Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic 45 

High Pressure Pipe Line (Fire Department) 15, 53 

Highways: 

Key 13. 25, 27 

Fallsway 25, 26 

History of Baltimore 143-169 

Homes, Owned and Rented 95 

Hopkins Hospital, Johns 44, 45 

Hopkins Mansion, Johns 38 

187 



THfir BALTIMORE BOOK 



INDEX-Continued 

H — Continued page 

Hopkins University, Johns 104, 105 

Hospitals 43, 44, 45 

Hotels 112, 113, 114 

Hotel Dining Rooms 1 73, 1 74 

Howard Monument, John Eager 144 

Howard Street 1 26 

I 

Immigrants 62, 90 

Industrial Advantages 57 

Industrial Buildings 71 

Industrial and Trade Organizations 59 

Industries 60, 61, 63, 65 

Institutes (See Schools). 

Institutions, Financial 71 

Interest, Points of I 19-141 

J 

Jobbing Center 73 

Jones Falls 25, 26 

K 

Key, Francis Scott 27, 1 1 9 

Key Highway 13, 25, 27 

Key (or "Star-Spangled Banner") Monument 146 

L 

Labor Troubles, No 69 

Lake Erie and Pittsburgh Railroad 85 

Lake Montebello 47 

Lazaretto Lighthouse 89 

Lexington Market 98, 99 

Lexington Street 124 

Library, Enoch Pratt Free 105, 129 

Lighting System 156, 158, 160, 162 

Light Street Wharf 54, 74 

Living Conditions 95, 97 

Loch Raven 23, 24, 41 

Locust Point 72, 76 

M 

McCall Ferry, Dam at 66, 67 

McHenry, Fort 41, 51 

McLane, Robert M 13 

Machinery and Plants Exempt from Taxation 87 

Manufacturing Establishments 61, 63, 65 



THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 



INDEX -Continued 

M — Continued PAGE 

Maps of Baltimore 180a 

Map of Baltimore and the Panama Canal 78a 

Map of Baltimore and Vicinity 5 

Markets 98, 99, 100 

Marsh Market 99 

Maryland Electric Railways Company 67 

Maryland Institute 99, 105, 154 

Maryland Steel Company's Plant 60 

Maryland University 1 05, 1 06 

Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 87 

Merchants and Manufacturers' Association 31 

Merchants and Manufacturers' Association, Old Town 31 

Merchants and Travelers' Association 31 

Miscellaneous Section 1 03, 1 05 

Monuments 26, 36, 102, 131, 133, 138, 144, 146, 148 

Mount Royal Pumping Station 21 

Mount Royal Station (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad) 39, 86 

Mount Vernon Place 39, 138 

Municipal Anthem, "Baltimore, Our Baltimore" 6, 7 

Municipal Factory Site Commission 31, 33 

Municipal Hospital (Sydenham Hospital) 43, 45 

Municipal Journal 33 

N 

National Convention, Democratic 109, 1 76 

Newton, United States Collier 89 

New Hampshire, United States Battleship 92 

New York Central Railroad 85 

Night Views of: 

Baltimore Street 1 60 

Business Section 1 56 

Charles Street 1 58 

Northern Central Railway 64, 88 

o 

Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony 1 07 

P 

Panama Canal and Baltimore 78a 

Parks: 

Carroll 38, 39 

Clifton 38, 41 

Druid HU1 17. 36, 37, 39, 40, 49, 115 

Fort McHenry Reservation 41, 51 

Gwynn's Falls 37, 41 

Patterson 38, 39, 46 

Riverside 38, 39 



189 



THE- BALTIMORE BOOK 



INDEX— Continued 

P — Continued PAGE 

Patapsco River 55 

Patterson Park 38, 39, 46 

Paving Commission 15 

Peabody Institute 105, 106 

Piers: 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 117 

Coal 78 

Immigration 90 

Municipal 13, 28, 29, 30, 32, 56 

Northern Central Railway 164 

Pennsylvania Railroad 164 

Recreation 13 

Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 85 

Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxation 57, 87 

Playgrounds 63 

Poe Monument 1 48 

Points of Interest I 19-141 

Police Department 51 

Polytechnic Institute 48, 49 

Population of Baltimore 103 

Port Covington 89 

Postoffice 14 

Pratt Street 130 

Preston, James H. (Mayor of Baltimore) 8 

Public Baths 46, 47 

Public Buildings 10, 12, 14, 16, 34 

Pumping Station (Sanitary Sewerage System) 19 

Pumping Station, Mount Royal (Water Department) 21 

Q 

Quarantine Station 43, 55 

Railroads: 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 31, 67, 72, 76, 77, 85, 86, 93, 117 

Canton Railroad 87 

Maryland Electric Railways 67 

Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 87 

New York Central Lines 85 

Northern Central Railway 64, 88, 164 

Pennsylvania Railroad 31, 77, 85, 86, 88, 164 

Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 85 

Western Maryland Railway 13, 31, 77, 78, 85 

Real Estate Exchange 31 

Recreation Pier 13 

Revolutionary War Monument 146 

Riverside Park 38, 39 

190 



THE- BALTIMORE- BOOK 



INDEX— Continued 

S PAGE 

Sewerage System, Sanitary 13, 18, 19, 20, 2 1 

Schools 48, 49, 50, 105, 139, 141, 154 

Sharp Street 1 28 

Shipbuilding Industries 60 

Soldiers and Sailors' Monument 49 

South Street 70 

Sports, Aquatic 115, 1 77, 1 78, 1 79 

Squares 39, 41 

"Slar-Spangled Banner" (or Key) Monument 146 

Stations: 

Mount Royal (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad) 39, 86 

Union (Pennsylvania Railroad) 86 

Stalues 135 

Steamship Lines 91 

Street Paving 15 

Streets 25, 26, 70, 120, 122, 124, 126. 128, 130, 132, 134, 

158, 160, 162, 168, 170, 171, 172 

SuDurbs of Baltimore 94, 96, 103 

Swimming Pool (Patterson Park) 46 

Sydenham Hospital 43, 45 

Symphony Orchestra 107 

T 

Tables of Distances 84 

Tables of Freight Rates £0, 81, 82, 83 

Tablets Marking Points of Historic Interest 135, 137 

Taxation, Plants and Machinery Exempt from 57, 87 

Terminal Facilities 64, 72, 78, 85, 87, 88 

Theatres Ill, 116, 117, 118 

Tiade and Industrial Organizations 59 

Transportation and Commerce 73 

Travelers and Merchants' Association 31 

u 

Underground Wires (See Conduits). 

Union Station (Pennsylvania Railroad) 86 

Universities (See Schools). 

University of Maryland 105, 1 06 

University Parkway 168 

w 

Wallace Monument 1 48 

Walters Art Gallery 105 

Warehouses, Freight 58 

Washington Monument 102, 138, 144 

Water Pipe Line, High Pressure 15, 53 

19| 



TH& BALTIMORE- BOOK 



INDEX— Continued 

W — Continued PAGE 

Water Supply 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 41, 47 

Watson Monument (Mexican War) 144 

Western Maryland Railway 13, 31, 77, 78, 85, 89 

Wharves (See Piers). 

White Way, The Great 160 

Wildey Monument 171 

Woman's College (Goucher College) 105, 154 

Y 

Yachtsman's Haven 179 

Young Men's Christian Association 152 




Qeorge. Peabody, Founder Peabodu Institute 



192 






45 8 






LRBS'16 



I 



